in this work, benzyl alcohol was obtained in 96% excellent yield by hydrolysis of benzyl chloride catalyzedby the recyclable temperature-dependant phase-separation system that comprised the ionic liquid peg1000-dail[bf4], toluene and ferric sulfate under homogeneous catalysis in aqueous media. this novel methodnot only enhanced the yield, but also made the operating units easy workup. the catal...

The fluttering-heart illusion is a perceived lagging behind of a colour target on a background of a different colour when the two are oscillated together. It has been proposed that the illusion is caused by a differential in the perceptual latencies of different colours (Helmholtz 1867/1962), a differential in rod-cone latencies (von Kries 1896) and rod-cone interactions (von Grünau 1975, 1976 ...

We study the problem of composition learning for image retrieval, which we learn to retrieve target images with search queries in form a reference and modification text that describes desired modifications image. Existing models retrieval are generally built large-scale datasets, demanding extensive training samples, i.e., query-target pairs, as supervision, restricts their application scenario...

The novel antibacterial peptide mimetic alaphosphin (l-alanyl-l-1-aminoethylphosphonic acid) selectively inhibited peptidoglycan biosynthesis in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It induced accumulation of uridine diphosphate-N-acetyl-muramyl-tripeptide in gram-positive organisms and significantly reduced the intracellular pool levels of d-alanine. Alaphosphin was actively transpor...

Rex-induced mitotic recombination was used to determine whether nucleolus organizers can pair in both inverted and noninverted orientations. Two target chromosomes, each duplicated for the rDNA region, were exposed to maternal Rex activity. Recombination in one orientation should yield deletion of the material between the two nucleolus organizers, recombination in the other orientation should y...

We construct a mathematical model for two whole genome amplification strategies, primer extension preamplification (PEP) and tagged polymerase chain reaction (tagged PCR). An explicit formula for the expected target yield of PEP is obtained. The distribution of the target yield and the coverage properties of these two strategies are studied by simulations. From our studies we find that polymera...

Abstract Biochar produced from pyrolysis of biomass has been developed as a platform carbonaceous material that can be used in various applications. The specific surface area (SSA) and functionalities such N-containing functional groups biochar are the most significant properties determining application performance carbon areas, removal pollutants, adsorption CO 2 H , catalysis, energy storage....

in order to investigate the competitive effects of wild mustard on yield and yield components of wheat cultivars, field experiments was conducted in gorgan reaserch station during 2010-2012 growing seasons. the experiments were laid out in four replicated, factorial arranged rcb design. factors of the experiments included five different densities of wild mustard (0, 4, 8, 16 and 32 plants.m-2) ...

Self-assembly of homogeneous components has the advantage of being a decentralised and highly parallel method for assembling multiple target structures, and is ideal for effective large-scale manufacturing. Yet assembly yield may be negatively affected by the formation of incompatible substructures that prevent the formation of complete target structures. In this work we present physical and th...