in this work, a procedure for preconcentration of cobalt using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (dllme) with the reagent 1-nitroso 2-naphtol as complexing reagent was developed. at ph 4, co(ii) was complexed with 1-nitroso 2-naphtol and extracted into the fine droplets formed when mixing chloroform (extraction solvent), ethanol (disperser solvent) and the sample solution. after extracti...

in this work, a procedure for preconcentration of silver using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with the reagent dithizone as complexing reagent was developed. at ph 2, silver ions are complexed with dithizone and extracted into the fine droplets formed when mixing carbon tetrachloride (extraction solvent), ethanol (disperser solvent) and the sample solution. after extraction, the phase...

OBJECTIVES To describe levels of nitrate and trace elements in drinking water from the study areas of a multicase-control study of cancer in Spain (MCC-Spain). METHODS A total of 227 tap water samples were randomly collected from 67 municipalities in 11 provinces and the nine most frequently consumed bottled water brands were sampled to measure levels of nitrate, arsenic, nickel, chromium, ca...

BACKGROUND The quality of drinking water has an important role in human infection and disease. This study was aimed at comparing polymerase chain reaction and culture in detecting Escherichia coli, Salmonella species and Vibrio cholera in tape water and bottled drinking water in various seasons in Isfahan province, Iran. METHODS A total of 448 water samples from tap water and bottled mineral ...

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tap water iontophoresis in the treatment of severe idiopathic palmar hyperhidrosis, nine Chinese patients with severe palmar hyperhidrosis that had failed to respond to topical aluminium chloride were given 6 weeks' treatment with tap water iontophoresis at the Social Hygiene Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong. The reduction in sweat output was asses...

UNLABELLED ISSUED ADDRESSED: The increase trend in the prevalence of dental caries in Australian children is a concern to public health professionals. Attitudes, behaviours and lifestyle patterns established in childhood are often carried throughout adult life. The objective of the study was to estimate the proportion of Perth metropolitan year two public primary school children drinking tap wa...

A method for the determination of trace amounts of off-flavor compounds including 2-methylisoborneol, geosmin and 2,4,6-trichloroanisole in drinking water was developed using the stir bar sorptive extraction technique followed by thermal desorption-GC-MS analysis. The extraction conditions such as extraction mode, salt addition, extraction temperature, sample volume and extraction time were exa...

Myanmar is one of the least developed countries in the world, and very little information is available regarding the nation's water quality. This report gives an overview of the current situation in the country, presenting the results of various water-quality assessments in urban areas of Myanmar. River, dam, lake, and well water sources were examined and found to be of generally good quality. ...

BACKGROUND Few studies have examined plain water consumption among US adults. This study evaluated the consumption of plain water (tap and bottled) and total water among US adults by age group (20-50y, 51-70y, and ≥71y), gender, income-to-poverty ratio, and race/ethnicity. METHODS Data from up to two non-consecutive 24-hour recalls from the 2005-2006, 2007-2008 and 2009-2010 National Health a...

Tristimulus colorimetry using a digital still camera (DSC) as a colorimeter has been developed. A photograph of a sample and standard solutions was taken simultaneously with the DSC, and it was transferred to a PC. On the PC, the colors of the sample and of the standard solutions were analyzed and L* (brightness), a* (red-green component), and b* (yellow-blue component) values were determined w...