Previous studies have indicated phenotypical differences in glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies (GADA) found in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients, individuals at risk of developing T1D and stiff-person syndrome (SPS) patients. In a Phase II trial using aluminium-formulated GAD(65) (GAD-alum) as an immunomodulator in T1D, several patients responded with high GADA titres after treatment, ...

Background and Significance Type 1 diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes, is a result of an autoimmune disorder where a loss of insulin production occurs because of pancreatic beta cells destruction. Among all people diagnosed with diabetes, 5-10% of them are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) (3). It is clear that there is a genetic factor for T1D that involves many different genes on ma...

Polymorphisms in the CD226 gene have been reported to be associated with autoimmune diseases. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs763361 and rs727088) in the CD226 gene and the risk for developing type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Chinese Han children. This case-control study included a total of 152 Chinese children with T1D and 3...

Defects in immune regulation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes in mouse and in man. In vitro assays using autologous regulatory (Treg) and responder effector (Teff) T cells have shown that suppression is impaired in diabetic subjects. In this study, we addressed whether the source of this defect is intrinsic to the Treg or Teff compartment of diabetic subjects. We first estab...

BACKGROUND Monocytes play an important role in innate immunity and atherosclerosis. A disturbed secretion of cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated monocytes from type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients has been described and may contribute to the impaired inflammatory response in these individuals. In the present study the influence of LPS on five different proteins with a function in immunity...

Plasma uric acid (PUA) is associated with metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal abnormalities in patients with type 2 diabetes but is less well understood in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Our aim was to compare PUA levels and fractional uric acid excretion (FEUA) in patients with T1D vs. healthy controls (HC) during euglycemia and hyperglycemia. PUA, FEUA, blood pressure (BP), glomerular filtration rat...

OBJECTIVE Both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) have been linked to autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD). We examined if individuals with both T1D and CD were at a higher risk of ATD than those with only T1D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a nationwide population-based cohort study. We defined T1D as having an inpatient or a hospital-based outpatient diagnosis of T1D at a...

Abstract Despite type 1 diabetes' (T1D) potential influence on adolescents' physical development, the occurrence of body image problems adolescents with diabetes remains unclear. No research synthesis has yet addressed this issue. This study aims to systematically evaluate empirical evidence concerning in individuals T1D order provide an overview existing literature. Using PRISMA methodology, 5...

The rapid rise in the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) suggests the involvement of environmental factors including viral infections. We evaluated the association between viral infections and T1D by profiling antiviral antibodies using a high-throughput immunoproteomics approach in patients with new-onset T1D. We constructed a viral protein array comprising the complete proteomes of seven viru...

OBJECTIVE Previously, we studied clinicians' and parents' perspectives about what, when, and how youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and parents should be taught about major complications (MC) of T1D. Results showed that this topic creates considerable anxiety among youth and parents, that there is a perceived need to tailor these experiences to each patient's circumstances, and that there is cons...