Synaptic plasticity often involves changes in the structure and composition of dendritic spines. Vesicular cargos and organelles enter spines either by exocytosing in the dendrite shaft and diffusing into spines or through a kinesin to myosin hand-off at the base of spines. Here we present evidence for microtubule (MT)-based targeting of a specific motor/cargo pair directly into hippocampal den...

The visual cortex is vulnerable to changes in visual input, especially during the critical period when numerous molecules drive the refinement of the circuitry. From a list of potential actors identified in a recent proteomics study, we selected 2 collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMP2/CRMP4) and 2 synaptic proteins, Dynamin I (Dyn I) and Synaptotagmin I (Syt I), for in-depth analysis of t...

BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare cancer and accounts for 5-10% of adult soft tissue sarcomas. Making an accurate diagnosis is difficult due to the overlapping histological features of SS with other types of sarcomas and the non-specific immunohistochemistry profile findings. Molecular testing is thus considered necessary to confirm the diagnosis since more than 90% of SS cases carry t...

Plasma membrane wounds are repaired by a mechanism involving Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis. Elevation in intracellular [Ca(2+)] triggers fusion of lysosomes with the plasma membrane, a process regulated by the lysosomal synaptotagmin isoform Syt VII. Here, we show that Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis of lysosomes is required for the repair of plasma membrane disruptions. Lysosomal exocytosis and memb...

Previously, we reported modeling synovial sarcomas in mice by conditionally expressing the human t(X;18) translocation-derived SYT-SSX2 fusion protein in Myf5-expressing myoblasts. Using a tamoxifen-inducible CreER system in mice, we show here that sporadic expression of SYT-SSX2 across multiple tissue types leads to exclusive formation of synovial sarcoma-like tumors, whereas its widespread ex...

ARTICLE HISTORY Received 2 June 2017 Accepted 14 June 2017 ABSTRACT Synaptotagmin 1 (Syt 1) is an integral membrane protein responsible for sensing the calcium ion (Ca2C) influx in neurons that triggers synaptic vesicle exocytosis. How Syt 1’s intrinsically disordered region (IDR), a »60 residue sequence located between the protein’s transmembrane helix and two Ca2C-sensing C2 domains, contribu...

Nerve terminal specializations include mechanisms for maintaining a subpopulation of vesicles in a docked, fusion-ready state. We have investigated the relationship between synaptotagmin and the number of morphologically docked vesicles by an electron microscopic analysis of Drosophila synaptotagmin (syt) mutants. The overall number of synaptic vesicles in a terminal was reduced, although each ...

A notion of cyclic descents on standard Young tableaux (SYT) rectangular shape was introduced by Rhoades, and extended to certain skew shapes Adin, Elizalde Roichman. The descent set restricts the usual when largest value is ignored, has property that number SYT a given with D invariant under shifts entries D. Reiner Roichman proved map if only it not connected ribbon. Unfortunately, their proo...

The close apposition between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane (PM) plays important roles in Ca(2+) homeostasis, signaling, and lipid metabolism. The extended synaptotagmins (E-Syts; tricalbins in yeast) are ER-anchored proteins that mediate the tethering of the ER to the PM and are thought to mediate lipid transfer between the two membranes. E-Syt cytoplasmic domains compr...

Synovial sarcomas (SS) are infrequent and morphologically heterogeneous soft tissue sarcomas. The t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2), which results in fusion of the SYT gene at 18q11 with the SSX1, SSX2, or (rarely) SSX4 gene is a primary genetic event in 90% of SS. To determine whether the t(X;18) present in the original tumor is maintained in its passages, a dual-color break-apart FISH assay for SYT gene d...