Healthy synovial tissue includes a lining layer of synovial fibroblasts and macrophages. The influx of leucocytes during active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) includes monocytes that differentiate locally into proinflammatory macrophages, and these produce pathogenic tumour necrosis factor. During sustained remission, the synovial tissue macrophage numbers recede to normal. The constitutive presence...

Because many inflammatory arthropathies primarily involve the synovial tissue, there has been increased interest in investigations of the pathologic changes in synovial biopsy specimens during the last 2 decades (Reviewed in [1]). This development has been stimulated by technical advances such as the advent of new methods to obtain synovial tissue specimens from actively inflamed joints and cli...

Ganglions (synovial cysts) are cystic or semicystic lesions found most commonly in the wrist, dorsum of the foot, or knee. They mayor may not be continuous with the joint space and mayor may not have a synovial lining [1]. Some authors make a distinction between gang I ions and synovial cysts, the latter being synovial-lined. Recently, several studies have reported the identification of synovia...

The synovium is a specialized tissue lining the synovial joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths of the body. It is affected by various localized or systemic disorders. Synovial diseases can be classified as inflammatory, infectious, degenerative, traumatic, hemorrhagic, and neoplastic. Damage in other intraarticular structures, particularly cartilages, generally occurs as a part of pathologic proce...

Synovial fluid is a viscous solution found in the cavities of synovial joints. The principal role of synovial fluid is to reduce friction between the articular cartilages of synovial joints during movement. The presence of high molar mass hyaluronan (HA) in this fluid gives it the required viscosity for its function as lubricant solution. Inflammation oxidation stress enhances normal degradatio...

We examined the activities of peptidases in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) activity was lower in synovial fluid from patients with RA, in contrast to the increase of DPP II activity in synovial fluid, as compared with OA. The DPP II/DPP IV ratio for synovial fluid was significantly higher in patients with RA ...

Abstract T lymphocytes, synovial macrophages, and synovial fibroblasts are the three most abundant cell populations in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue, and each is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of joint inflammation and destruction. While interactions between T cells and macrophages and between macrophages and fibroblasts have been carefully studied, less attention...

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare benign condition arising from the synovial membrane of the joints, synovial sheaths or bursae around the joints. Primary synovial chondromatosis typically affects the large joints in the third to fifth decade of life. The purpose of this case report is to document this rare synovial pathology, which required open synovectomy and debridement to eradicate it. In ...

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) concentration in synovial fluid can be useful as a marker for disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), to determine the main route by which collagenase degrades the matrix of articular cartilage, and to investigate if an imbalance between metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) is respon...

Synovial sepsis in horses may be a treatment challenge that includes different approaches such as synovial lavage, local antimicrobial therapy with intra-synovial injections and/or regional limb perfusions and systemic administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. This report describes positive clinical experience after injecting intra-synovial imipenem in 3 septic joints and 1 septic tendon...