The existence of multiple decision-makers and goals, spatial and non-linear forest management objectives and the combinatorial nature of forest planning problems are reasons that support the use of heuristic optimisation algorithms in forest planning instead of the more traditional LP methods. A heuristic is a search algorithm that does not necessarily find the global optimum but it can produce...

AIM To compare the shaping ability of progressive versus constant taper shaft instruments in curved root canals of extracted human teeth. METHODOLOGY A total of 40 root canals of mandibular molars with curvatures ranging between 20 degrees and 40 degrees were divided into two groups of 20 canals each and embedded in a muffle system. The root canals sectioned horizontally at three levels befor...

1. introduction persian folktales and literary stories are full of love relationships which add to the structural richness of the story. in most of these stories, love commences on part of the male character. however, there are instances in which women or girls initiate love. these kinds of love create adventures which are admirable in themselves. the commencement of love and the way a lover es...

the feature of decorating curves in iranian arts, paintings, illumination, cover decorating, engraving carving sudoriferous cloth carpet and several decorations related to architecture including tile, stucco have principles and features of traditional designing. several types of figures of khatayi and ieslimi and their roles in combination and space besides having principles in proportion to gr...

Leadership is an under-studied topic in the international development literature. When the topic is broached it is usually in support of what might be called a ‘hero orthodoxy’: One or other individual is identified as the hero of a specific achievement. The current article offers a three part argument why this orthodoxy is problematic and wrong for many developing countries, however. It sugges...

For a positive definite fundamental tensor all known examples of Osserman algebraic curvature tensors have a typical structure. They can be produced from a metric tensor and a finite set of skew-symmetric matrices which fulfil Clifford commutation relations. We show by means of Young symmetrizers and a theorem of S. A. Fulling, R. C. King, B. G. Wybourne and C. J. Cummins that every algebraic c...

ferdowsi's shahname is a literary work with many and varied personalities which can be converted to dramatic texts, but it needs to analyze on basis theories of dramatic characterization. characterization of the protagonist of the play, as a key element of the show has a special component such as action and motivation to handle dramatic action, a physical and mental characteristic that dis...

How will we know when it’s done? Today’s computational methods can generate reasonable homology models with a minimum of 30% sequence identity within a family. Once a genome is completed and subdivided into families that are 30% identical, it is easy to calculate how many structure determinations are necessary to yield models for that genome. Our accountants, the bioinformaticists, estimate we ...

The outdoor sculpture of the first Portuguese king, D. Afonso Henriques (c. 1109–1185 AD), placed in Guimarães (North Portugal), is one most emblematic national sculptures. Created 1887 by António Soares dos Reis, it possesses a remarkable symbolic value presumed birthplace king. In addition to artistic and heritage importance monument, few sculptures cast industrial foundry 19th century. This ...