Nitrogen isotopes (N/N ratios, expressed as dN values) are useful markers of the mycorrhizal role in plant nitrogen supply because discrimination against N during creation of transfer compounds within mycorrhizal fungi decreases the N/N in plants (low dN) and increases the N/N of the fungi (high dN). Analytical models of N distribution would be helpful in interpreting dN patterns in fungi and p...

Roots of most terrestrial plants form symbiotic associations (mycorrhiza) with soil- borne arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Many studies show that mycorrhizal colonization enhances plant resistance against pathogenic fungi. However, the mechanism of mycorrhiza-induced disease resistance remains equivocal. In this study, we found that mycorrhizal inoculation with AMF Funneliformis mosseae sig...

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar endophytic fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plant community structure in experimental microcosms containing an assemblage of five species of plants (Oenothera odorata, Plantago asiatica, Trifolium repens, Isodon japonicas and Aster yomena). Leaves of Sasa borealis, Potentilla fragarioides, and Viola mandshurica were co...

Mycorrhizal plants from a variety of ecosystems have the capacity to take up organic forms of nitrogen, yet the fraction of plant nitrogen demand met by organic N (ON) uptake remains unclear. ON uptake by mycorrhizal plants is a biochemical process that involves multiple steps, including breakdown and uptake of soil ON by mycorrhizal fungi, internal transformation of ON, and transfer of N to th...

Strigolactones (SLs) are a prime example of allelochemicals, promoting parasitic plant germination and certain hyphal branching factors associated to the growth symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, study SLs is complex, various issues have yet be studied in depth. This review intends provide an overview works that been conducted on identification, isolation, evaluation allelop...

The novel weapons hypothesis posits that biochemical compounds secreted by an invasive species facilitate its success by reducing the performance and survival of other species. This mechanism has been proposed to explain the widespread invasion of the biennial plant, Alliaria petiolata, in North America. Root exudates produced by A. petiolata, a nonmycorrhizal plant, suppress the growth of myco...

Plants simultaneously interact with multiple organisms which can both positively and negatively affect their growth. Herbivores can reduce plant growth through loss of plant biomass and photosynthetic area, while plant mutualists, such as mycorrhizal fungi, can increase plant growth through uptake of essential nutrients. This is the first study examining whether species-specific associations wi...