The theory of neoclassical welfare economics largely shaped international and national agricultural policies during the Cold War period. It treated technology as an exogenous factor that could boost agricultural productivity but not necessarily sustainable agriculture. New growth theory, the economic theory of the new knowledge economy, treats technological change as endogenous and argues that ...

Sustainability in agriculture is the primary need of the country, especially for farmers in the society. Sustainable agriculture depends on, a. the quality and quantity of irrigational water used, b. Status of soil in the Land and c. the dimatic conditions of the environment. In most of the locations and for particularly in coastal regions such a ideal conditions could not be possible. Developi...

This paper describes (1) the status of the use of biotechnology for conservation and utilization of biodiversity and interaction among them, (2) the status of use of biotechnology for sustainable agriculture, (3) how real are the contradictions among biotechnology, biodiversity and sustainable agriculture , (4) issues and efforts in resolving the concerns and contradictions, and (5) the way ahe...

Since the launching of the renewal, the CGIAR has emphasized a new research agenda aimed at promoting a sustainable agriculture for food security and poverty alleviation in the developing world (LDCs). In various declarations and published materials there is constant mentions of new technological breakthroughs developed by the IARCs that will have a more positive impact on the poor of the LDCs....

The core of many changes towards a more sustainable agriculture is the individual decision-maker. The decisions of each farmer have impacts on sustainability and are made in a complex world of contradictious interests and values. Agricultural decision support systems (AgriDSS) will be a major contributor in the realization of a viable farm economy with less negative environmental impact, but it...

Ecological impacts of industrial agriculture include significant greenhouse gas emissions, loss of biodiversity, widespread pollution by fertilizers and pesticides, soil loss and degradation, declining pollinators, and human health risks, among many others. A rapidly growing body of scientific research, however, suggests that farming systems designed and managed according to ecological principl...

A pilot field study was conducted at the Jagjeetpur Municipal Sewage treatment plant situated in the Haridwar town in Uttarakhand state, India. The objectives of the present study were to study the effect of treated wastewater on the production of various paddy varieties (Sharbati, PR-114, PB-1, Menaka, PB1121 and PB 1509) and the emission of GHG gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O) as compared to the same...

individual dietary needs, and facilitate more personalized nutrition. In the past few centuries, we have used our knowledge of the physical and biological sciences to improve the situation of our daily lives. In the 19th century, a fundamental knowledge of chemistry was acquired, and Mendeleev’s periodic table began to take shape. This knowledge not only provided a deeper understanding of our w...