Microsurgical techniques have been applied in many surgical specialties and have also a broad application in surgical research. It demands high technical skills and continued training. The microsurgical training is lengthy, very expensive and demands high commitment. The microsurgical skills should be first mastered in the lab and only then applied in the clinic. Here, we propose a model of a t...

SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA To inform surgeons about the practical issues to be considered for successful integration of virtual reality simulation into a surgical training program. The learning and practice of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) makes unique demands on surgical training programs. A decade ago Satava proposed virtual reality (VR) surgical simulation as a solution for this problem. Onl...

In most surgical training systems, task completion time and error ratio are common metrics of surgical skill. To avoid applying unnecessary and injurious force to the tissue, surgeons must know for themselves how much force they are exerting as they handle surgical tools. Our goal is to develop an endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) training system that quantitatively evaluates the trainee's surgica...

BACKGROUND Surgical simulation is becoming increasingly important in surgical education. However, the method of simulation to be incorporated into a surgical curriculum is unclear. We compared the effectiveness of a proficiency-based preclinical simulation training in laparoscopy with conventional surgical training and conventional surgical training interspersed with standard simulation session...

The goal of this study was to enhance robotic surgical training via real-time augmented visual feedback. Thirty novices (medical students) were divided into 5 feedback groups (speed, relative phase, grip force, video, and control) and trained during 1 session in 3 inanimate surgical tasks with the da Vinci Surgical System. Task completion time, distance traveled, speed, curvature, relative phas...

Achieving a level of technical skill and confidence in surgical operations is the main goal of plastic surgical training. Operating rooms were accepted as the practical teaching venues of the traditional apprenticeship model. However, increased patient population, time, and ethical and legal considerations made preoperation room practical work a must for plastic surgical training. There are sev...

Background While the knowledge required of residents training in orthopedic surgery continues to increase, various factors, including reductions in work hours, have resulted in decreased clinical learning opportunities. Recent work suggests residents graduate from their training programs without sufficient exposure to key procedures. In response, simulation is increasingly being incorporated in...