Acid-Base Accounting (ABA) is an analytical procedure that provides values to help assess the acidor alkaline-producing potential of overburden rocks prior to coal mining. This procedure was developed at West Virginia University in the late 1960s. After the passage of laws requiring an assessment of surface mining on water quality, ABA became the preferred method to predict post-mining water qu...

The increases above 1975 levels for acid mine drainage and subsidence for the years 1985 and 2000 based on projections of current mining trends and the National Energy Plan are presented. No increases are projected for acid mine drainage from surface mines or waste since enforcement under present laws should control this problem. The increase in acid mine drainage from underground mines is proj...

Agriculture has long been considered a great source of nitrogen (N) to surface waters and major cause eutrophication. Thus, management practices at the farm-scale have since attempted mitigate N losses, although often limited in tile-drained agricultural catchments, which speed up transport, while minimizing natural removal landscape. In this context, surface-flow constructed wetlands (SFWs) pa...

Surface meltwater that reaches the base of an ice sheet creates a mechanism for the rapid response of ice flow to climate change. The process whereby such a pathway is created through thick, cold ice has not, however, been previously observed. We describe the rapid (<2 hours) drainage of a large supraglacial lake down 980 meters through to the bed of the Greenland Ice Sheet initiated by water-d...

There is ambiguity in the literature regarding whether a larger glaucoma drainage device (GDD) achieves a lower long-term intraocular pressure (IOP). There is some evidence on both sides, but overall there seems to be an optimal surface area of approximately 200-250 mm2 beyond which there may be little advantage to increasing the plate size for most patients. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Rodgers ...

The runoff coefficient was the primary parameter used in both site-scale and area-wide calibration efforts. This coefficient is directly related to the type of land use and land cover observed within the drainage area. The land use was represented in the model as pervious and impervious surfaces assigned to subcatchment areas within the system. In the 2007 InfoWorks (IW) Model, the runoff coeff...