The paper presents a flat representation of the human cerebellum, useful for visualizing functional imaging data after volume-based normalization and averaging across subjects. Instead of reconstructing individual cerebellar surfaces, the method uses a white- and grey-matter surface defined on volume-averaged anatomical data. Functional data can be projected along the lines of corresponding ver...

We developed a novel surface display system based on the use of bacterial spores. A protein of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat, CotB, was found to be located on the spore surface and used as fusion partner to express the 459-amino-acid C-terminal fragment of the tetanus toxin (TTFC). Western, dot blot and fluorescent-activated cell sorting analyses were used to monitor TTFC surface expression ...

Surface Reconstruction and Display from Range and Color Data

A new anchor system based on the ice nucleation protein (InaV) from Pseudomonas syringae INA5 was developed for cell surface display of functional organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH). The activity and stability of cells expressing the truncated InaV (INPNC)-OPH fusions were compared to cells with surface-expressed OPH using two other fusion anchors based on Lpp-OmpA and the truncated InaK protein....

The cell wall peptidoglycan of Gram-positive bacteria functions as a surface organelle for the transport and assembly of proteins that interact with the environment, in particular, the tissues of an infected host. Signal peptide-bearing precursor proteins are secreted across the plasma membrane of Gram-positive bacteria. Some precursors carry C-terminal sorting signals with unique sequence moti...

The insecticidal protoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis has been shown to be a major component of the spore coat. We have developed a novel surface display system using B. thuringiensis spores in which the N-terminal portion of the protoxin is replaced with a heterologous protein. The expression vector with a sporulation-specific promoter was successfully used to display green fluorescent protein...

Biocatalysts, especially enzymes, have the ability to catalyze reactions with high product selectivity, utilize a broad range of substrates, and maintain activity at low temperature and pressure. Therefore, they represent a renewable, environmentally friendly alternative to conventional catalysts. Most current industrial-scale chemical production processes using biocatalysts employ soluble enzy...

Non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) provide powerful tools for engineering the chemical and physical properties of proteins. However, introducing ncAAs into proteins can affect protein properties in unpredictable ways, thus necessitating screening efforts to identify mutants with desirable properties. In this work, we describe an Escherichia coli cell surface display platform for the directed evo...

A method to screen and isolate antigen specific clones from a library of single-chain antibodies expressed on the surface of yeast cells is presented. Two rounds of magnetic bead enrichment before flow cytometric sorting enables one to screen libraries of far greater diversity than can be screened by just flow cytometry. The strength of flow cytometric sorting is the ability to follow the selec...

We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data sets to users by means of a multidimensional haptic display. Such a display is preferable to a visual display in some situations, for example when (as in our lab) a nanometer-scale real surface is being both examined and modified by the user, and rapid local feedback from the modifications is needed. ...