Ionic Liquids are low melting salts (up to 100° C) and represent a new class of solvents with unusual physico-chemical properties. In the present work ionic liquids have been used as reaction media for the synthesis of phenylacetylphenylglycine and of phenylacetylphenylalanine. 3 ionic liquids: 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexa fluorophosphate and 1...

We have demonstrated an improved synthesis of a cyclic carbonate of soybean oil (CSO) utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) as the solvent. Because the mutual solubility of supercritical CO2 and soybean oil is significantly higher than that of gaseous CO2 and soybean oil, our method synthesizes the material in y1/3 of the reaction time reported in the literature. We have also demonstrate...

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (scCO2) is chosen to a treatment to remove lignin and to peel off outer cell wall layers to expose S2 layer of aspen wood fibres. The aim is to find an effective and environmentally friendly method to advance the fibrillation of the BCTMP pulp. The effects of the treatment are analysed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemicals used togeth...

Ethanol oxidation rate in high pressure steam at the pressure of 10 MPa in the temperature ranging from 430 to 490 °C was studied with the fuel equivalence ratio of 0.4. On the assumption that the reaction order is first order, the reaction rate parameters obtained in the experiments are 10 ± 0.4 s for the pre-exponential factor and 166.5 ± 6.1 kJ·mol for the activation energy. This ethanol oxi...

The effects of microwave irradiation (2.45 GHz, 200 W) on glycosylation promoted by a solid super acid in supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated with particular attention paid to the structure of the acceptor substrate. Because of the symmetrical structure and high diffusive property of supercritical carbon dioxide, microwave irradiation did not alter the temperature of the reaction solu...

The objective of this work is to track the amount of metal complexes distributed in the extraction cell, collection vial, and tubing used in supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) systems after progressive removal of metal ions in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2). Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (NaDDC) and dibutylammonium dibutyldithiocarbamate (DBDC) ligands were used to form complexes with ...

Gentle alternatives to existing sterilization methods are called for by rapid advances in biomedical technologies. Supercritical fluid technologies have found applications in a wide range of areas and have been explored for use in the inactivation of medical contaminants. In particular, supercritical CO(2) is appealing for sterilization due to the ease at which the supercritical state is attain...

The use of supercritical fluid chromatography for natural product analysis as well as underlying theoretical mechanisms and instrumental requirements are summarized in this review. A short introduction focusing on the historical development of this interesting separation technique is followed by remarks on the current instrumental design, also describing possible detection modes and useable sta...

Conversion of wet biomass via gasification in supercritical water is a promising technology for the production of hydrogen and methane from renewable resources. The properties of water above the critical point enable reactions for the fast degradation of biomass and generation of a product gas consisting of hydrogen, methane, higher hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide without disturbing sulphurand ...

A supercritical fluid chromatograph has been designed and constructed to make physicochemical measurements, while retaining the capability to perform chemical analysis. The physicochemical measurements include diffusion coefficients, capacity ratios, partition coefficients, partial molar volumes, virial coefficients, solubilities, and molecular weight distributions of polymers. In this paper, t...