CSF fistula/CSF leak is a pathological disorder that spans all ages. the primary clinical characteristic of this disorder is abnormal leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), from CSF containing compartments of the central nervous system (CNS) to the around space due to abnormal defect of the Dura matter and the skull [1], which typically appears as a clear watery leakage from nose (rhinorrhea) or...

A MAP holds the corners M icrotubule-associated proteins (MAPs) reinforce microtubules (MTs). Fourniol et al. provide the fi rst close-up of a MT-bound MAP, clarifying how it adds stability. The building blocks of MTs are dimers of one and one -tubulin subunit. These dimers line up end to end to build protofi laments, which in turn align side by side in a ring shape to form a hollow MT. MAPs he...

Shadows are everywhere, but they usually go unnoticed. We do, however, use their consequences all the time. Figure 1A shows two pictures each with a green square in front of a checkerboard background. The two pictures differ only in the cast shadows of the square. Because of these differences, the right square appears to be further from the background than the left square. By adding motion to t...

Appearance-based approaches have the advantage of representing the variability of an object’s appearance due to illumination change without explicit shape modeling. While a substantial amount of research has been performed on the representation of object’s diffuse and specular shading, little attention has been paid to cast shadows which are critical for attaining realism when multiple objects ...

We consider communication protocols for N -way all-cast relay networks, which comprise N source terminals such that each source terminal demands messages from all other source terminals with the help of a relay. The derived protocols are characterized by the fact that physical layer network coding is employed at the relay, where each source has side information about the signals it has sent. Am...

The paper describes a reliable and rapid method for detecting and removing a color cast (i.e. a superimposed dominant color) in a digital image without any a priori knowledge of its semantic content. A multi-step algorithm classifies the input images as having no cast, evident cast, ambiguous cast, or intrinsic cast (images presenting a cast due to a predominant color that must be preserved). I...

This paper presents a n ew method for detection and adjustment color cast. Using the neural network to detect color cast and classify images into three subsets: no cast, real cast, and intrinsic cast (image presenting a cast due to a predominant color that must be preserved). We have a database of 700 images which are downloaded from internet or acquired using various digital still cameras. We ...

Calpastatin (CAST) is a specific inhibiter of Calpains, playing a role in meat tenderization and myogenesis. In the present study the polymorphism of the CAST gene ofKhalkhali goat in Azerbaijan province in Iran was investigated by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (PCR-RFLP). Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples collected from 200 Kh...