Recently, consumers have become more concerned with foods contain natural ingredients in terms of health and economic. Hence, in this study, the effects of concentrate of smoked and sun dried raisin were investigated at 3 levels (1, 3 and 5%) as a natural humectant to improve the quality and shelf life of flat bread. Results showed that addition of smoked and sun dried raisin improved quality a...

Sexual dimorphism is one of the most widespread and recognizable patterns of phenotypic variation in the biotic world. Sexual dimorphism in floral display is striking in the dioecious plant Silene latifolia, with males making many, small flowers compared to females. We investigated this dimorphism via artificial selection on two populations to determine whether genetic variation exists within p...

Public understanding of climate and climate change is of broad societal importance. However, misconceptions regarding reasons for the seasons abound amongst students, teachers, and the public, many of whom believe that seasonality is caused by large variations in Earth’s distance from the Sun. Misconceptions may be reinforced by textbook illustrations that exaggerate eccentricity or show an inc...

Flower image retrieval is a very important step for computer-aided plant species recognition. In this paper, we propose an efficient segmentation method based on color clustering and domain knowledge to extract flower regions from flower images. For flower retrieval, we use the color histogram of a flower region to characterize the color features of flower and two shape-based features sets, Cen...

Flower color variation among plant populations might reflect adaptation to local conditions such as the interacting animal community. In the northwest Iberian Peninsula, flower color of Gentiana lutea varies longitudinally among populations, ranging from orange to yellow. We explored whether flower color is locally adapted and the role of pollinators and seed predators as agents of selection by...

The tendency for flower longevity to increase with altitude is believed by many alpine ecologists to play an important role in compensating for low pollination rates at high altitudes due to cold and variable weather conditions. However, current studies documenting an altitudinal increase in flower longevity in the alpine habitat derive principally from studies on open-pollinated flowers where ...

Efficient performance tuning of parallel programs is often hard. In this paper we describe an approach that uses a uni-processor execution of a multithreaded program as reference to simulate a multiprocessor execution. The speed-up is predicted, and the program behaviour is visualized as a graph, which can be used in the performance tuning process. The simulator considers scheduling as well as ...

We construct the edge-localized stationary states of nonlinear Schrödinger equation on a general quantum graph in limit large mass. Compared to previous works, we include arbitrary multi-pulse positive which approach asymptotically composition N solitons, each sitting bounded (pendant, looping, or internal) edge. give sufficient conditions edge lengths under such exist In addition, compute prec...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity. let $g(r)$ denote the maximal graph associated to $r$, i.e., $g(r)$ is a graph with vertices as the elements of $r$, where two distinct vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent if and only if there is a maximal ideal of $r$ containing both. let $gamma(r)$ denote the restriction of $g(r)$ to non-unit elements of $r$. in this paper we study the various graphi...