Sulfur is an essential element for a variety of cellular constituents in all living organisms. In tRNA molecules, there are many sulfur-containing nucleosides, such as the derivatives of 2-thiouridine (s(2)U), 4-thiouridine (s(4)U), 2-thiocytidine (s(2)C), and 2-methylthioadenosine (ms(2)A). Earlier studies established the functions of these modifications for accurate and efficient translation,...

Examination of the reactions of protein disulfide sulfur led to the implication of three mechanisms in the removal of sulfur from cystinyl residues. (a) Persulfide formation in alkali with subsequent loss of the reactive persulfide sulfur; (b) organic thiocyanate formation by direct attack of CN-, followed by elimination of SCNby OHor by appropriately located intraprotein nucleophiles; and (c) ...

The growth of bacteria by dissimilatory elemental sulfur reduction is generally associated with obligate anaerobes and thermophiles in particular. Here we describe the sulfur-dependent growth of the facultatively anaerobic mesophile Shewanella putrefaciens. Six of nine representative S. putrefaciens isolates from a variety of environments proved able to grow by sulfur reduction, and strain MR-1...

Decreased additions of sulfur to the atmosphere through low sulfur diesel fuel and reductions in industrial emissions have lead to a decrease in incidental deposition of sulfur for crops. This has left some to question if sulfur needs to be supplied to most crops as fertilizer. Current recommendations for sulfur fertilizer applications in Minnesota are limited to sandy soils with low organic ma...

Sulfur was impregnated onto activated carbon fibers ACFs through H2S oxidation catalyzed by the sorbent surface in a fixed-bed reactor. By changing the temperature and duration of the sulfur impregnation process, ACFs with different sulfur contents were developed. Characterization of ACFs before and after sulfur impregnation was conducted by surface area analysis, energy dispersive X-ray analys...

Sulfur mustard is a synthetic organic compound. It was first manufactured in 1822 by the action of ethene on sulfur monochloride or dichloride. Since then, the methods of manufacture have been refined, although they have not been changed substantially. Three main processes have been used. The Germans produced sulfur mustard using the Meyer process, which involved treating ethylene with hypochlo...

Sulfur is a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries with a high specific capacity of 1675 mAh/g. The rapid capacity fading, however, presents a significant challenge for the practical application of sulfur cathodes. Two major approaches that have been developed to improve the sulfur cathode performance include (a) fabricating nanostructured conductive matrix to physically encapsulate sulfur ...

In order to utilize high sulfur (3-6%) coals in various industries which otherwise cannot be utilized directly or even as a blend, studies on pyrolysis of four high sulfur NE regions Indian coals viz. 60ft Tikak, 20ft Tikak, Surupi and Bapung coal from Makum Coalfields of Meghalaya in presence of hydrogen were carried out at 900C. The steam was generated by heating waste water followed by its s...

Archean sulfur mass-independent fractionation (S-MIF) has been widely recognized as one of the strongest indicators for the rise of atmospheric oxygen in the Early Proterozoic. A decade after its discovery, the wide-ranging implications of Archean sulfur MIF have been discussed extensively and despite a number of recent studies on the gas-phase chemistry of sulfur, no definite overall picture h...