The present paper first discusses interpretations of Ferdawsi’s Shahnameh in Sufi text. It then compares tow odes to show that both share discussions of Ganoosi ideologies, duality of soul and the mprisonment of soul in the body.

Hāfez, the great Persian poet, uses numerous terms in his poems which contain paradoxical meanings. The study of paradox in mystical and lyrical poems helps us to have a new and better understanding and interpretation of texts. The elements of the paradoxical terms occur in these subjects: God, religion and faith, religious rules, acts, beliefs and duties, Sufi beliefs and conducts, and persons...

The influence of behaviours, traditions and beliefs of non- Islamic mystical schools on different Sufi sects has always been a research problem for those scholars who are interested in analysis of the roots and origins of thoughts and practices of Muslim mystics. Most of the scholars are unanimous that some similarities present between Sufism and other mystical traditions such as Buddhist m...