Conversion of [(14)C]galactose (Gal) 1-P, UDP-[(14)C]Gal, or UDP-[(14)C]glucose to [(14)C]sucrose was observed when cell-free homogenates of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit peduncles were incubated with individual (14)C-labeled substrates, appropriate cofactors, and fructose. The sucrose product was labeled only in the glucose moiety. Conversion of [(14)C]Gal-1-P to [(14)C]sucrose was catal...

Rapid gastrointestinal absorption of refined carbohydrates (CHO) is linked to perturbed glucose-insulin metabolism that is, in turn, associated with many chronic health disorders. We assessed the ability of various natural substances, commonly referred to as "CHO blockers," to influence starch and sucrose absorption in vivo in ninety-six rats and two pigs. These natural enzyme inhibitors of amy...

Members of the genus LactobacilZus were examined for their ability to synthesize extracellular polysaccharide from sucrose. Strains physiologically similar to L. pastorianus synthesized a glucan. Other strains liberated a complex polysaccharide which contained mannose and glucose. Variants of the glucan-producing strains occurred spontaneously and these lacked the capacity to synthesize glucan ...

In grafted apple combinations, rootstocks can increase the stress tolerance of plants, influence scion growth, and harbor a rich microbial community. However, whether scions modify plant rootstock phenotypes rhizosphere bacterial communities has not been clearly investigated. Here, 14 different combinations two cultivars on 7 genotypes were used as research materials, we analyzed traits, commun...

We have previously reported that 60% sucrose diet-fed ChREBP knockout mice (KO) 13 showed body weight loss resulting in lethality. We aimed to elucidate whether sucrose and 14 fructose metabolism are impaired in KO. Wild type mice (WT) and KO were fed a diet containing 15 30% sucrose with/without 0.08% miglitol, an α-glucosidase inhibitor, and these effects on 16 phenotypes were tested. Further...

Previous results have implicated an important role for the enzyme IIScr, the sucrose-specific permease, in the transport of sucrose by cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. The product of the scrB gene, sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase (Suc-6PH), is required for the metabolism of phosphorylated sucrose. The results from the utilization of scrB::lacZ fusions in S. mutans GS-5 have suggested that sucrose...

Sucrose metabolism and glycolysis were studied in one- to two-year-old seedlings of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) and pecan (Curya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch). The sucrose synthase pathway was identified as the dominant sucrose metabolic activity in sucrose sink tissues such as terminal buds and the root cambial zone. The sucrose synthase pathway was completely dependent on uridin...

The plant rhizosphere microbiome is known to play a vital role in health by competing with pathogens or inducing resistance. This study aims investigate microorganisms responsive devastating citrus disease caused ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas) infection, using 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenome technologies. results show that 30 14 root bacterial genera were significantly affected C...

L5178 Y murine leukemic cells do not seem to be affected by sucrose in the same manner as other mammalian cells. Although there is active uptake of sucrose with no concomitant metabolism, there is no increase in vacuolation or cell size and there is only a slight increase in acid phosphatase, acid protease and /?-glucuronidase activities. However, the glycosidases are significantly elevated in ...

A system consisting of a flow-through chamber connected to a commercial infrared gas analysis system was developed to measure homopteran respiration during feeding. Using this system, respiration rates of 202 and 206 µmol CO(2) h(-1) g(-1) (4.96 and 5.04 ml CO(2) h(-1) g(-1)) were determined for whiteflies and cotton aphids, respectively, at 25 degrees C on diets containing 15% sucrose. These r...