It is well known that electron density profile in the geospace changes day by day and thus remote sensing techniques using electromagnetic waves are recently highlighted as a powerful tool, because they are useful for obtaining the global electron density profile in the earth’s plasmasphere with high time resolution. We have been developing tomographic techniques using information of propagatio...

This paper is concerned with lightning surge propagation on wind turbines. As wind power generation undergoes rapid growth, lightning incidents involving wind turbines have come to be regarded as a serious problem. Nevertheless, no known studies exist yet in Portugal regarding lightning protection of wind turbines. In this paper we present an overview of Electro-Magnetic Transients Program (EMT...

This paper is concerned with lightning surge propagation on wind turbines. As wind power generation undergoes rapid growth, lightning incidents involving wind turbines have come to be regarded as a serious problem. Nevertheless, no known studies exist yet in Portugal regarding lightning protection of wind turbines. Hence, we present a case study, based on a wind turbine with an interconnecting ...

BACKGROUND Lightning injuries are relatively uncommon and have been a subject of awe since primitive times. It most significantly affects the cardiorespiratory, nervous, and integumentary systems. Surprisingly, cutaneous burn injuries caused by lightning are usually superficial. OBJECTIVE To present the cutaneous manifestations of lightning injuries and the sequelae of improper management. ...

[1] Published research has suggested that urban and agricultural activities in central Arizona may be enhancing monsoonal precipitation in the region; therefore, this study employed cloud-to-ground lightning data and topographic data to reveal spatially anomalous zones of lightning activity in central Arizona. A multiple linear regression model with topographic variables as predictors explained...

This study focuses on modulation of lightning and convective vertical structure in the southern Amazon as a function of the South American monsoon V index (VI). Four wet seasons (December–March 1998– 2001) of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) and Precipitation Radar (PR) data are examined together with two wet seasons (2000–01) of ground-based Brazilian L...

1 INTRODUCTION Electric power utilities have sustained significant damage from lightning. The occurrence of line faults is one result of lightning damage. To prevent it, power utilities adopt various measures of protection from lightning. Transmission line overhead ground wires greatly contribute to a decrease in the number of line faults by preventing direct hits to the power lines. Lightning ...

[1] Nitrogen oxides (NOx ≡ NO + NO2) produced by lightning make a major contribution to the global production of tropospheric ozone and OH. Lightning distributions inferred from standard convective parameterizations in global chemical transport models (CTMs) fail to reproduce observations from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) and the Optical Transient Detector (OTD) satellite instruments. We ...

A lightning return-stroke model, based on the lightning return-stroke current derivative measured at the Toronto CN Tower is presented in this paper. A 3-section transmission line representation of the CN Tower along with the derivative of the modified Heidler function is used to simulate the measured current derivative signal. Reflections from major structural discontinuities of the CN Tower a...

Accurate storm cell identification and tracking is both a vital and challenging endeavor in severe weather operations. Correct identification and tracking of storms is a significant component of studying any type of meteorological phenomena, including lightning. A high accuracy method of identifying, differentiating, and tracking storm cells is proposed. The results of the proposed Storm Cell a...