background: this study aimed at determining the drug abuse pattern and the frequency of high-risk behaviors among the clients of methadone maintenance treatment centers and drop-in centers in shahroud county of semnan province. methods: in this cross-sectional study, the data collection tool was a questionnaire including 10 general and 32 specific items about drug abuse pattern and high-risk be...

BACKGROUND Low socioeconomic position predicts risk of substance abuse, yet few studies tested the role of preexisting familial and individual characteristics. METHODS Data come from the TEMPO (Trajectoires Epidémiologiques en Population) study (community sample in France, 1991-2009, n=1103, 22-35 years in 2009) set up among offspring of participants of an epidemiological study (GAZEL). Past ...

Most individuals with schizophrenia have problems with abuse of substances ranging from licit substances, such as nicotine, to illicit ones, such as cocaine. This comorbidity may reflect self-medication, as well as a biological susceptibility to both disorders. Twin studies have suggested that this biological susceptibility may involve genetic factors. Other biological risk factors may involve ...

This researchaimedat identifyingpatternsof substanceabuseamongSouthAfricanadolescents andexploring the relationship between psychological well-being and substance abuse. Psychological well-being was assessed with selected items of the Bar-On EQ-I and Diener’s Life Satisfaction scale. Self-reported substance abuse patterns of 1 918 learners between the ages of 12 and 19 from 13 schools in Tshwan...

conclusions by intensive monitoring of the situation of substance abuse among soldiers, commanders can reduce modifiable predictors of suicidal attempt. results the majority of soldiers with mean age of 21.8 (sd = 2.4) years were single (82.1%), employed (54.5%) and had a low level of education or were illiterate (71.1%). in total, 296 (7.5%) soldiers had suicidal attempts in their military ser...

Introduction: In the modern world, drug abuse is one of fastest emerging social issues. Cannabinoid receptor agonists are becoming increasingly popular as abused substance due to their ease cultivation and availability. Case report: We present a series three cases who were scheduled for lower limb surgeries planned under spinal anaesthesia. All patients consuming either cannabis or its products...

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an amphetamine analogue that preferentially stimulates the release of serotonin (5HT) and results in relatively small increases synaptic dopamine (DA). The ratio drug-stimulated DA, relative to 5HT, predicts abuse liability; drugs with higher DA:5HT ratios are more likely be abused. Nonetheless, MDMA a drug misused. Clinical preclinical studies have sugge...

background: motor vehicle traffic injuries are indeed one of the most important worldwide health problems. opioids can induce a depressant effect on the central nervous system which may increase the risk of traffic accidents. this cross-sectional case-control study was conducted in marvdasht, iran to investigate the presence of drugs in hospitalized non-fatally injured drivers of motor vehicles...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Approximately 5% of strokes occur in adults aged 18 to 44 years. Substance abuse is a prevalent risk factor for stroke in young adults. We sought to identify trends in substance abuse detection among stroke patients. METHODS Using a population-based design, we sought to identify all patients aged 18 to 54 years experiencing a stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) in the Grea...