[Purpose] This review article is designed to expose the application of sonography in shoulder pain after stroke. [Methods] A range of databases was searched to identify articles that address sonography examination, with or without ultrasound guided corticosteroid injection for hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP). The electronic databases of PubMed, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Medline were sea...

Ninety-seven patients suffering from painful arc syndrome of the shoulder were studied. Local anaesthetic and radiographic contrast investigations were carried out. One-third of the patients had lesions in the posterior part of the rotator cuff which resolved after injections of local anaesthetic and steroid. One-third had anterior lesions in the subscapularis tendon: almost all resolved under ...

Patients were divided in 4 groups (Habermayer classification) and evaluated for an unstable LHBT:10 patients had superior gleno-humeral ligament (SGHL) tear (Type I),16 patients SGHL and supraspinatus (SSP) tendon tears (Type II),21 patients SGHL and subscapularis (SSC) tendon tears (Type III) and 23 patients SGHL, SSP and SSC tears (Type IV). At arthroscopy 2 patients were negative,8 patients ...

AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic acromion-greater tuberosity distance measurement and Shoulder ratio in detecting post-stroke inferior shoulder subluxation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five hemiplegic stroke patients and 45 controls underwent shoulder sonography to measure their acromion-greater tuberosity distance. Side-to-side acromion-greater tuberosity distan...

The rotator cuff musculature imparts dynamic stability to the glenohumeral joint. In particular, the balance between the subscapularis anteriorly and the infraspinatus posteriorly, often referred to as the rotator cuff "force couple," is critical for concavity compression and concentric rotation of the humeral head. Restoration of this anterior-posterior force balance after chronic, massive rot...

INTRODUCTION Massive rotator cuff tears (RCTs) in the context of shoulder dislocations are relatively uncommon in the young adult (<40 years) and if reported are more commonly described in association with acute traumatic anterior glenohumeral dislocations. They have rarely been described with posterior dislocations, regardless of patient age. This is the 1st case reported in the context of pos...

PURPOSE To relate histologic changes in rotator cuff tendons to the appearance on T1-weighted as well as fat-suppressed T2-weighted and proton density-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS T1-weighted, fat-suppressed T2-weighted and fat-suppressed proton density-weighted sequences of 18 cadaveric shoulders were acquired. The supraspinatus, infraspinatus, a...

Increasingly, inflammatory mediators are considered crucial to the onset and perpetuation of tendinopathy. We sought evidence of interleukin 17A (IL-17A) expression in early human tendinopathy and thereafter, explored mechanisms whereby IL-17A mediated inflammation and tissue remodeling in human tenocytes. Torn supraspinatus tendon (established pathology) and matched intact subscapularis tendon...

BACKGROUND Tendon transfers can be a surgical treatment option in managing younger, active patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the use of tendon transfers to treat massive irreparable rotator cuff tears and to summarize clinical outcomes. METHODS A selective literature search was performed and personal surgical experie...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the integrity of the subscapularis tendon by strength, function and magnetic resonance imaging after deltopectoralis access for anterior shoulder instability. METHODS 20 patients with anterior shoulder instability have been evaluated. Minimum follow-up was 12 months, with a mean of 40 months. Only male patients were included, with a mean of age of 29 years (20 - 42 years...