In the present study, the six legged concrete (SLC) elements are placed at the bed of a flume downstream of a chute in different layouts, densities and number of longitudinal rows of SLC elements. Each test was run for different flow conditions (Froude numbers ranged 5.3 to 8.1). During each test, the water surface profile, the roller length and the jump length measured.  Applying the experimen...

In this paper wave transformation in a submerged sloped breakwater and its hydraulic performance was simulated by developing a numerical model in Fortran. The code was established by combining porous flow and a two-phase model using VOF method. Modified Navier-Stokes and k-ε equations implemented to the model to simulate the flow in porous media. Cut cell method was modified to simulate...

This paper presents a brief history of the hydraulic jump and literature review on jumps’ experimental numerical studies. Leonardo da Vinci noticed this phenomenon early on, but it was only later studied by Bidone in 1820. Since beginning 20th century, has received lot attention following development energy dissipater designs stilling basins. The late 1920s 1930s saw many studies researching su...

A new type of in-situ hydraulic permeameter was developed to determine vertical hydraulic conductivity (VHC) of saturated sediments from hydraulic experiments using Darcy's law. The system allows water to move upward through the porous media filled in the permeameter chamber driven into sediments at water-sediment interface. Darcy flux and hydraulic gradient can be measured using the system, an...

We consider shallow water flows through a channel with a contraction by experimental and theoretical means. The horizontal channel consists of a sluice gate and an upstream channel of constant width b0 ending in a linear contraction of minimum width bc. Experimentally, we observe upstream steady and moving bores/shocks, and oblique waves in the contraction, as single and multiple steady states,...