Realistic rendering of underwater scenes has been a subject of increasing importance in modern real-time 3D applications, such as open-world 3D games, which constantly present the user with opportunities to submerge oneself in an underwater environment. Crucial to the accurate recreation of these environments are the effects of caustics and godrays. In this paper, we shall present a novel algor...

INTRODUCTION Atelectasis is a common finding in acute lung injury, leading to increased shunt and hypoxemia. Current treatment strategies aim to recruit alveoli for gas exchange. Improvement in oxygenation is commonly used to detect recruitment, although the assumption that gas exchange parameters adequately represent the mechanical process of alveolar opening has not been proven so far. The ai...

Phosphorus is the element that promotes growth in plant. However, over loading of phosphorus into surfaces water leads to severe environmental problems known as eutrophication. Improper treatments removal prior discharges from industrial effluent are one contributions Textile sources surface with concentration 1-9 mg/L P. Since attentions given removing color effluent, commonly ignored wastewat...

Mine drainage waters vary considerably in the range and concentration of heavy metals they contain. Besides iron, manganese is frequently present at elevated concentrations in waters draining both coal and metal mines. Passive treatment systems (aerobic wetlands and compost bioreactors) are designed to remove iron by biologically induced oxidation/precipitation. Manganese, however, is problemat...

Abstract Septic tank systems (STSs) are a widely utilised treatment flowsheet for decentralised wastewater in the UK. With growing consensus that STSs have sizeable detrimental impact on environment, there is need rural flowsheets with improved capabilities. This study examines lifetime cost and carbon emissions of using an enhanced septic nature-based solution (EST-NBS) to improve STS compared...

Original scientific paper The joints made by fusion of materials are exposed to the influence of residual stresses induced by welding thermal cycles. Residual stresses were measured on butt welded plates made of NIOMOL 490K, before and after reparation. The objective of this paper is to compare three methods of residual stress measurement (hole-drilling method, x-ray diffraction and directional...

Nitrification is a necessary and often limiting process in animal waste treatment for removal of nitrogen as N2 through biological nitrification/denitrification systems. We evaluated three technologies for enhancing nitrification of pig lagoon wastewater prior to denitrification: overland flow, trickling filter, and a bioreactor using nitrifying pellets. The overland flow system consisted of a ...

introduction: due to the risks of hormones on human health and aquatic life, the aims of this study were to determine the efficiency of estrogen removal in the different stages of shiraz wastewater treatment plant using activated sludge process and marvdasht wastewater treatment plant using aerated lagoons process and also comparing the performance of both systems in removing the hormone of est...