Plant essential oils (EOs) and a wide range of their individual components are involved in a variety of biological interactions with insect pests including stimulatory, deterrent, toxic and even hormetic effects. Both the beneficial and toxic properties of citrus EOs on the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) have been experimentally evidenced over the last years. However, no information is availa...

The utilization of sub-lethal decontamination treatments gains more and more interest due to the increased consumers' demand for fresh, minimally processed and convenient food products. These products rely on cold chain and hurdle (combination) technology to provide microbiological safety and quality during their shelf life. To investigate the ability of surviving cells to resuscitate and grow ...

Cnidarians, in general, are long-lived organisms and hence may repeatedly encounter common pathogens during their lifespans. It remains unknown whether these early diverging animals possess some type of immunological reaction that strengthens the defense response upon repeated infections, such as that described in more evolutionary derived organisms. Here we show results that sea anemones that ...

The herbicides used in agriculture threaten aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity on a global scale. There are several reports on the residues of currently used herbicides in the tissues of aquatic organisms. This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration on the accumulation of Butachlor in liver tissue in zebrafish fish exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of the toxin. In this study,...

The effect of cypermethrin pesticide on juvenile rohu (Labeo rohita) was determined in captive condition. Live and healthy (average initial weight 21g) were exposed to five concentrations Cypermethrin 0.63, 0.13, 0.025, 0.005, 0.001 ppm one control group (no pesticide) with two replications for each treatment. mean temperature pH the experimental tanks 27.53±0.41ºC 7.22±0.013 ppt, respectively....

Pipelines carrying diluted bitumen (dilbit) from Canada's oil sands traverse North America, including the freshwater habitat of Pacific salmon, posing a risk of environmental release and aquatic exposure. Swimming performance is impacted in juvenile sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) exposed to dilbit; therefore biomarkers of dilbit exposure will be valuable for monitoring at-risk salmon stocks. This...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction of several conventional antibiotics with sub-lethal concentrations of enterocin CRL35, a cationic peptide, on Listeria innocua 7. METHODS Susceptibility of L. innocua 7 cells to the combination of enterocin CRL35 and non-peptide antibiotics (cefalexin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, vanc...

Previous studies have shown that pretreatment with sub-lethal kanamycin to E. coli B23 cells provided protection against subsequent exposure to lethal amounts of the same antibiotic. It has also been shown that exposure to sub-inhibitory levels of certain antibiotic can induce cross resistance by promoting the development of low-level resistance to other functional and structural unrelated anti...

This study aimed to assess genotoxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) erythrocytes after exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of 10 mg L(-1) di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) for 24 and 96 h. The results showed that mean MN frequencies in both DBP and ethyl methane-sulfonate (EMS, positive control for MN bioassay) groups were significantly different (p<0.01) with respect to control and sol...