In this paper the dispersion property of index guided photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) of silica material has been investigated. The modal analysis is done to obtain the complex effective refractive index for: (i) Hexagonal lattice with circular air holes and first ring having elliptical cells (ii) Rectangular lattice with circular air holes and first ring having elliptical cells. The dispersion

Lattice-Boltzmann models are also state-based models with update rules that are to be applied in a synchronous fashion. Although rectangular lattices are computationally convenient, they impose difficulties in achieving isotropic flow behavior. Therefore, we start with a hexagonal lattice of nodes in the plane: We assume a lattice spacing (the distance to the next node), λ, a time step, τ, unit...

 The two-dimensional structure of graphene, consisting of an isotropic hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms, shows fascinating electronic properties, such as a gapless energy band and Dirac fermion behavior of electrons at fermi surface. Anisotropy can be induced in this structure by electrochemical pressure. In this article, by using tight-binding method, we review anisotropy effects in the elect...

In this article, we suggested a novel design of polarization splitter based on coupler waveguide on InP substrate at 1.55mm wavelength. Photonic crystal structure is consisted of two dimensional (2D) air holes embedded in InP/InGaAsP material with an effective refractive index of 3.2634 which is arranged in a hexagonal lattice. The photonic band gap (PBG) of this structure is determined using t...

Let δ0(P, k) denote the degree k dilation of a point set P in the domain of plane geometric spanners. If Λ is the infinite square lattice, it is shown that 1+ √ 2 ≤ δ0(Λ, 3) ≤ (3+2 √ 2) 5−1/2 = 2.6065 . . . and δ0(Λ, 4) = √ 2. If Λ is the infinite hexagonal lattice, it is shown that δ0(Λ, 3) = 1 + √ 3 and δ0(Λ, 4) = 2. All our constructions are planar lattice tilings constrained to degree 3 or 4.