[1] Differences in simulations of climate feedbacks are sources of significant divergence in climate models’ temperature response to anthropogenic forcing. Snow albedo feedback is particularly critical for climate change prediction in heavily-populated northern hemisphere land masses. Here we show its strength in current models exhibits a factor-of-three spread. These large intermodel variation...

My comments may be summarised by an inversion of Solow’s famous comment that the information technology productivity miracle can be seen everywhere but in the productivity statistics. By contrast, the Australian productivity miracle can be seen only in the productivity statistics. The lesson of everyday life is that people are running harder to stay in the same place. More formally, an increase...

This paper investigates structural change at the national and the regional level in five broadly defined sectors of the Canadian economy--the natural-resource-based, the labourintensive, the scale-based, the product-differentiated, and the science-based sectors. Three aspects of change are examined. First, changes in the importance of each sector over the last twenty years are traced. Second, t...

Most of the countries of Western Europe grew at unprecedented rates from the late 1940s until the early 1970s. Another feature of this period was dramatic structural change, as employment shifted from agriculture to manufacturing and services. This paper uses growth accounting to measure the direct contribution of structural change to aggregate productivity growth. The conventional accounting f...

We view the task of change detection as a problem of object recognition from learning. The object is defined in a 3D space where the time is the 3 dimension. We propose two competitive probabilistic models. The first one has a traditional regard on change, characterized as a ’presenceabsence’ within two scenes. The model is based on a logistic function, embedded in a framework called ’cut-andme...

The classical approach to testing for structural change employs retrospective tests using a historical data set of a given length. Here we consider a wide array of fluctuation-type tests in a monitoring situation – given a history period for which a regression relationship is known to be stable, we test whether incoming data are consistent with the previously established relationship. Procedure...

Against the backdrop of Baumol’s model of ‘unbalanced growth’, a recent strand of literature has presented models that manage to reconcile structural change with Kaldor’s ‘stylized fact’ of the relative constancy of per-capita GDP growth. Another strand of literature goes beyond this, arguing that the expenditure shifts toward Baumol’s ‘stagnant’ sector stimulate rather than dampen long-term ec...

This paper presents evidence on structural change in Turkey and provides an overview of the evolution of industrial policy in the last three decades. Turkey has experienced substantial growth in labor productivity in the last decade. About two thirds of the increase in aggregate labor productivity arises from reallocation of employment from low to high productivity sectors and one third from pr...

During the past two decades the manufacturing sector in Australia has undergone considerable structural change. As in other advanced countries, manufacturing activity has declined as a share of the total economy. At the same time, there has been strong growth in exports by Australian manufacturers and above-average productivity growth as the sector has become more trade-oriented. This article o...