We consider the following problem: For a system consisting of two submodules, the behavior of one submodule is known as well as the desired behavior S of the global system. What should be the behavior of the second submodule such that the behavior of the composition of the two submodules conforms to S ?-This problem has also been called "equation solving", and in the context of supervisory cont...

A method for solving CCS equations of type (AIX)\L ~ B, where X is unknown, is presented. The method is useful in a top-down design methodology: if a system (B) and some of its submodules (.4) axe specified, solving such an equation amounts to constructing the missing submodules. The method works by successively transforming equations into simpler equations, in parallel with generation of a sol...

The full-bridge submodule (FBSM)-based modular multilevel converter (FBSM-MMC) offers promising performance due to its ability output negative FBSM voltage. This paper studies this of the FBSM-MMC under zero-sequence voltage injection (ZSVI) and second-order harmonic current (SHCI). focus research is redistribute powers by injecting an additional power degree freedom, resulting in a smaller cap...

let $m$ be a module over a commutative ring $r$ and let $n$ be a proper submodule of $m$. the total graph of $m$ over $r$ with respect to $n$, denoted by $t(gamma_{n}(m))$, have been introduced and studied in [2]. in this paper, a generalization of the total graph $t(gamma_{n}(m))$, denoted by $t(gamma_{n,i}(m))$ is presented, where $i$ is an ideal of $r$. it is the graph with all elements of $...

Recently, Douglas and Wang proved that for each polynomial q, the submodule [q] of the Bergman module generated by q is essentially normal [9]. Using improved techniques, we show that the Hardy-space analogue of this result holds, and more.

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study two classes of modules over $R$, called $mbox{Max}$-injective and $mbox{Max}$-strongly top modules and explore some of their basic properties. Our concern is to extend some properties of $X$-injective and strongly top modules to these classes of modules and obtain some related results.

in this article, we give several generalizations of the concept of annihilating ideal graph over a commutative ring with identity to modules. weobserve that over a commutative ring $r$, $bbb{ag}_*(_rm)$ isconnected and diam$bbb{ag}_*(_rm)leq 3$. moreover, if $bbb{ag}_*(_rm)$ contains a cycle, then $mbox{gr}bbb{ag}_*(_rm)leq 4$. also for an $r$-module $m$ with$bbb{a}_*(m)neq s(m)setminus {0}$, $...

Antialgal activity of Zataria multiflora, Satureja khuzistanica and S. rechingeri were evaluated. These plant species are easily cultivable and their algicidal activity make them suitable candidate as biocontrol. This study aimed to identify effective algicidal compounds, practically new algicidal agents from essential oils of plants that could inhibit the growth of red tide microalgae. Prepare...