background: heat stress is a common and usual problem in industries. several indices, including wet bulb globe temperature (wbgt), are used to evaluate heat stress. however, wbgt index has limitations such as high cost and response time. it is not thus suitable as a screening tool. heat strain scoring index (hssi) is also an observational-judgmental technique that has been developed for primary...

Skeletal muscle weakness is frequently associated with stiffness changes [1,2], which may alter functional contraction and passive elongation dynamics. Cine Phase Contrast (CPC) MRI has been successfully used to quantify skeletal muscle strain distribution in a single plane [3,4]. The strain distribution was found to be non-uniform, indicating complex internal dynamics of skeletal muscle. The o...

In this study, two-dimensional finite element modeling was used to study the simultaneous effect of the cell shape and regular cell distribution on the anisotropy of the elastic properties of 316L stainless steel foam. In this way, the uniaxial compressive stress-strain curve was predicted using a geometric model and fully solid 316L stainless steel. The results showed that the elastic tangent ...

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) deform irreversibly through shear banding manifested as serrated-flow behavior during compressive tests. The strain-rate-dependent plasticity under uniaxial compression at the strain rates of 2 × 10, 2 × 10, and 2 × 10·s in a Pd-based BMG is investigated. The serrated flow behavior is not observed in the stress-strain curve at the strain rate of 2 × 10·s. However, t...

The transmural distributions of stress and strain at the in vivo state have important implications for the physiology and pathology of the vessel wall. The uniform transmural strain hypothesis was proposed by Takamyzawa and Hayashi (Takamizawa K and Hayashi K. J Biomech 20: 7-17, 1987; Biorheology 25: 555-565, 1988) as describing the state of arteries in vivo. From this hypothesis, they derived...

in this paper, using numerical methods and test results, the behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymers (frp) is investigated. in the numerical analysis, the concrete damaged plasticity model is used for considering the nonlinear behavior and strain softening of concrete. the abaqus finite element program is utilized for the analysis of 12 flexural beams s...

strain measurement (right). INTRODUCTION Blood flow induced wall shear stress (SS) plays an important role in the (patho)physiology of the vascular wall [1]. Recently tools became available to study the 3-dimensional SS distribution in the coronary arteries relative to local wall morphology in-vivo [2]. In addition, local strain distribution in the wall can be measured with an ultrasound-based ...