The impact of financial challenges on the profit of a supply chain, have caused the researcher to model the supply chain network by considering the operational and financial dimensions. Also, the establishment of a closed loop supply chain (CLSC) network has a high effect on economic profit. So, the purpose of this study is to design a stochastic closed loop supply chain network by considering ...

This paper introduces (pronounce spades), a stochastic process algebra for discrete-event systems, that extends traditional process algebra with timed actions whose delay is governed by general (a.o. continuous) probability distributions. The operational semantics is defined in terms of stochastic automata, a model that uses clocks—like in timed automata—to symbolically represent randomly timed...

In Markov chain models in finance and healthcare a transition matrix over a certain time interval is needed but only a transition matrix over a longer time interval may be available. The problem arises of determining a stochastic pth root of a stochastic matrix (the given transition matrix). By exploiting the theory of functions of matrices, we develop results on the existence and characterizat...

The evaluation on nuclear power plant operational safety performance had great significance on whether the nuclear power plant operated safely or not. Currently the academic literatures on nuclear power plant operational safety performance are rare. Improved Fuzzy evaluation model which introduce confidence level had been used into the evaluation of nuclear power plant operational safety perfor...

‎In this paper‎, ‎a numerical procedure for an inverse problem of‎ ‎simultaneously determining an unknown coefficient in a semilinear ‎parabolic equation subject to the specification of the solution at‎ ‎an internal point along with the usual initial boundary conditions ‎is considered‎. ‎The method consists of expanding the required‎ ‎approximate solution as the elements of the inverse quadrati...

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We introduce a general stochastic process operator f d:D p(d) which behaves as the process p(d) where the value d is chosen from a data domain D with a probability density determined by f . We require that f is a measurable function from D to R such that R d∈D f(d)dμD = 1. For finite or countable D the function f represents the probability distribution directly. For bigger domains f represents ...