We derive the general probability distribution function of stochastic work for quantum Otto engines in which both isochoric and driving processes are irreversible due to finite time duration. The time-dependent fluctuations, average work, thermodynamic efficiency explicitly obtained a complete cycle operating with an analytically solvable two-level system. effects irreversibility originating fr...

In real world scheduling applications, machines might not be available during certain time periods due to deterministic or stochastic causes. In this article, the machine scheduling with availability constraints for both deterministic and stochastic cases with different environments, constraints and performance measures will be discussed. The existing body of research work in the literature wil...

background: surgical technique using small-diameter  instruments and single-incision laparoscopy are two new options for less invasive laparoscopic cholecystectomy (lc). in this study, we have compared mini-lc (mlc) with single-incision lc (silc). materials and methods: this study is a randomized clinical trial conducted on the patients diagnosed with  symptomatic cholelithiasis who underwent l...

The equivalent representation in the delta domain of the digital optimal compensation problem is provided and computed in this article. This problem concerns finding digital optimal full and reduced-order output feedback controllers for linear time-varying and time-invariant systems with white stochastic parameters. It can subsequently be solved in the delta domain using the strengthened optima...

Stochastic realization theory provides a natural theoretical background for recent identification methods, called subspace methods, which have shown superior performance for multivariable state-space model-building. The basic steps of subspace algorithms are geometric operations on certain vector spaces generated by observed input-output time series which can be interpreted as “sample versions”...

Based on the stochastic rolling force data from aluminum hot strip tandem mill, the ARMA time series model and the stochastic excitation power spectral density (PSD) model are established, and the stochastic rolling forces excitation model is established by utilizing Levenberg-Marquardt combined with generalized global planning algorithm. A two dimensional stochastic nonlinear dynamical model o...

This article provides the stochastic and statistical framework to model software reliability in the presence of an operational profile. The software system is used under a randomly changing operational process so that the failure characteristics depend on the specific operation performed. The operational process describes, in a probabilistic sense, how the software is utilized by the users. The...

The target of our study is to set a new cost model to solve the partial postponement problem by adding penalty cost parameter of shortage under stochastic demand. By doing this, we hope the new model can be better applied to real conditions. Postponement is an important strategy to achieve mass customization and it has been adopted by many companies to improve production operation, inventory an...