In the previous study, a statistically significant positive correlation between natural background radiation exposure rates and crude (non-age-adjusted) cancer mortality rates was observed in 46 Japanese prefectures over the period from 1968 until 1978. However, the significance of this correlation mostly disappeared through age adjustment. It was suggested that natural radiation levels are pos...

emission trading is one of the famous mechanisms under kyoto protocol to control environmental pollution. the aim of this paper is to design a strategic supply chain network under emission trading scheme with inclusion of stochastic parameters and budget limitation. demand and price of carbon credits are considered as the important stochastic parameters influencing the supply chain network. in ...

semilinear stochastic evolution equations with multiplicative l'evy noise are considered‎. ‎the drift term is assumed to be monotone nonlinear and with linear growth‎. ‎unlike other similar works‎, ‎we do not impose coercivity conditions on coefficients‎. ‎we establish the continuous dependence of the mild solution with respect to initial conditions and also on coefficients. ‎as corollarie...

In the first part of the paper, we consider the wide range of extrapolative stochastic mortality models that have been proposed over the last 15 to 20 years. A number of models that we consider are framed in discrete time and place emphasis on the statistical aspects of modelling and forecasting. We discuss how these models can be evaluated, compared and contrasted. We also discuss a discrete-t...

We investigate the link between death rates and smoking prevalence in ten developed countries with the aim of using smoking prevalence data to explain differences in country-specific death rates. A particular problem in building a stochastic mortality model based on smoking prevalence is that there are in general no separate mortality data for smokers and non-smokers available. We show how we c...

Age-sex-specific population forecasts are derived through stochastic population renewal using forecasts of mortality, fertility and net migration. Functional data models with time series coefficients are used to model age-specific mortality and fertility rates. As detailed migration data are lacking, net migration by age and sex is estimated as the difference between historic annual population ...

The importance of overwinter mortality of 0+ perch (Perm fluviatilis L.) in central European lakes was estimated using a stochastic simulation model. The probability of overwinter mortality of a perch co­ hort was calculated by using a model developed for yellow perch (P. flavescens Mitchill). Winter duration from a long-term data set and the length of perch at the end of the first year from fi...

for vectors x, y ∈ rn, it is said that x is left matrix majorizedby y if for some row stochastic matrix r; x = ry. the relationx ∼` y, is defined as follows: x ∼` y if and only if x is leftmatrix majorized by y and y is left matrix majorized by x. alinear operator t : rp → rn is said to be a linear preserver ofa given relation ≺ if x ≺ y on rp implies that t x ≺ ty onrn. the linear preservers o...

in any supply chain, distribution planning of products is of great importance to managers. with effective and flexible distribution planning, mangers can increase the efficiency of time, place, and delivery utility of whole supply chain. in this paper, inventory routing problem (irp) is applied to distribution planning of perishable products in a supply chain. the studied supply chain is compos...

this paper presents an approach for solving a nonlinear stochastic differential equations (nsdes) using a new basis functions (nbfs). these functions and their operational matrices areused for representing matrix form of the nbfs. with using this method in combination with the collocation method, the nsdes are reduced a stochastic nonlinear system of equations and unknowns. then, the error anal...