The last decade of neuroimaging research has yielded important information concerning the structure, neurochemistry, and function of the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Neuroimaging research reviewed in this article reveals heightened amygdala responsivity in PTSD during symptomatic states and during the processing of trauma-unrelated...

Semiconductor-based ultraviolet (UV) photodiodes have been continuously developed that can be widely used in various commercial, civilian areas, and military applications, such as optical communications, missile launching detection, flame detection, UV radiation calibra‐ tion and monitoring, chemical and biological analysis, optical communications, and astro‐ nomical studies, etc. [1-2]. All th...

The adaptive calibration model (ACM) is an evolutionary-developmental theory of individual differences in stress responsivity. In this article, we tested some key predictions of the ACM in a middle childhood sample (N = 256). Measures of autonomic nervous system activity across the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches validated the 4-pattern taxonomy of the ACM via finite mixture modeling. ...

At the level of individual neurons, catecholamine release increases the responsivity of cells to excitatory and inhibitory inputs. A model of catecholamine effects in a network of neural-like elements is presented, which shows that (i) changes in the responsivity of individual elements do not affect their ability to detect a signal and ignore noise but (ii) the same changes in cell responsivity...

Light polarization is used in the animal kingdom for communication, navigation, and enhanced scene interpretation and also plays an important role in astronomy, remote sensing, and military applications. To date, there have been few photodetector materials demonstrated to have direct polarization sensitivity, as is usually the case in nature. Here, we report the realization of a carbon-based br...

Abstract One of the most fascinating areas in field smart biopolymers is biomolecule sensing. Accordingly, multifunctional biomimetic, biocompatible, and stimuli-responsive materials based on hydrogels have attracted much interest. Within this framework, design nanostructured that do not require any external energy source beneficial for developing a platform sensing glucose body fluids. In arti...

Pyroelectric PbTiO3 thin films devices with two temperature compensating elements on a SiO2/Si3N4 membranes have been fabricated and characterized. The measured voltage responsivity as a function of radiation modulation frequency has been compared to finite element model calculation. The relevant film properties have been compared for sputter and a sol-gel deposition techniques. The calculated ...

The illuminance responsivities of two transfer standard photometers have been directly determined from their spectral responsivity calibrations at two different calibration facilities of NIST. The main characteristics of the two photometers, and their calibrations are described. The spectral and broad-band (illuminance) responsivities measured at the two different facilities are compared. The t...

We report here on a recent limited international intercomparison of responsivity scales at wavelengths of interest to the optical communications community. Participants in the comparison were the national laboratories in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Australia. The wavelengths tested were 1300 and 1550 nm. Data taken at 850 nm are only briefly discussed. The disagreement b...

The current response to sub-terahertz radiation was studied experimentally over a wide range of temperatures for AlGaN/GaN and graphene transistors. It found that the responsivity is enhanced at low by about an order magnitude more than two orders However, increase saturates below 70–100 K. These results were explained temperature dependence charge carriers' mobility, which plays dominant role ...