Landsat satellite images (Landsat-5 for the period of 1990–2010 and Landsat-8 year 2020) were used spatiotemporal analysis dynamics main habitats Kozachelaherska arena (Nyzhniodniprovsky sands, Kherson region, Ukraine). The algorithm minimum distance automatic k-mean clustering was classification images. Habitats classified according to EUNIS principles. revealed a considerable decrease in summ...

during last few years, three seasons of excavations at the ultan qalasi, one season of stratigraphy in nadir tepesi and a short season of survey in mughan steppe enriched our knowledge about the ancient landscape of the area. the mughan steppe is a geographically diverse region in the northwestern corner of the islamic republic of iran, defined at the north by the aras (araxes) river and includ...

It was an unprecedented disaster. When the Black Death swept west and northwards through Europe in the dark days of 1347–1351, it brought with it unparalleled suffering and death. With the demographic collapse came social, psychological and economic shock as the survivors struggled to comprehend the enormity of what had befallen. Yet it was also a pivotal point in Western history, maintains Dav...

Chinese temperate grasslands play an important role in the terrestrial carbon cycle. Based on the parameterization and validation of Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM, Version 5.0), we analyzed the carbon budgets of Chinese temperate grasslands and their responses to historical atmospheric CO2 concentration and climate variability during 1951–2007. The results indicated that Chinese temperate gr...

Under the prevailing variable natural conditions nomadic pastoralism was the most suitable form of land use in Mongolia and the neighboring countries in the past. Furthermore, small areas were used for agriculture in some regions. Therefore, anthropogenic influence was present throughout history. In the forest steppe zone this led to the disappearance of forest sites which then gave way to mead...