316L stainless steel is the most commonly used metallic material in the manufacture of orthopedic implants. To achive better properties metal implants often coated with biocomposites. A sol–gel method was used for coating of Poly lactic acid (PLA)/Hydroxyapatite nanopowder (nHA) on stainless steel 316L substrate. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) wer...

Origami-inspired foldable structures have seen much recent interest for applications in which transportability or rapid construction are primary design drivers, for example emergency shelters and temporary staging structures. This paper proposes a new type of a structural module that can be manually folded from flat steel sheet into a novel self-braced triangular structural section. Simple geom...

The rapid growth in the use of Micro/Nano products in variety of industries such as Micro electromechanical systems (MEMS), microelectronics, Biomedical/Bio-MEMS, automotive (motion sensors), telecommunications etc, has demanded new micro manufacturing methods. The challenge with the manufacturing of Microfluidic devices/biochips is that they often make use of broad range of materials within a ...

Laser marking of metals and plastics is one of the most widespread of all laser materials processing techniques used throughout the industrial sectors. One remaining challenge is the creation of scanner readable marks on highly reflective materials such as aluminium without the aid of a surface coating. In previous work the authors have presented a novel technique employing a high average power...

Looking forward in 1995, automobile manufacturers identified a potential shift in customer preferences to lighter weight, fuel-efficient automobiles; fuel-cell powered cars; and hybrid gas/electric vehicles. To make existing cars more fuel efficient and to meet the coming needs of alternatively powered vehicles, automobile original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) needed lighter components. These...

In this paper we present a soft computing system developed to optimize the face milling operation under High Speed conditions in the manufacture of steel components like molds with deep cavities. This applied research presents a multidisciplinary study based on the application of neural projection models in conjunction with identification systems, in order to find the optimal operating conditio...

BACKGROUND Welding is among the most important frequently used processes in the industry with a wide range of applications from the food industry to aerospace and from precision tools to shipbuilding. The aim of this study was to assess the level of steel industry welders' exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and to investigate the health impacts of these exposures. METHODS In this case-con...

The thorough description of the peculiarities of additively manufactured (AM) structures represents a current challenge for aspiring freeform fabrication methods, such as selective laser melting (SLM). These methods have an immense advantage in the fast fabrication (no special tooling or moulds required) of components, geometrical flexibility in their design, and efficiency when only small quan...

Nickel is the twenty-second most abundant element and the seventh most abundant transitional metal. It is an ubiquitous trace element and it is mostly adopted to manufacture stainless steel used to produce food processing equipment and containers. The metal allergy is often caused from Ni and females are affected more commonly than males. When Ni allergy develop it tends to persist life-long. F...

A casual metallurgist might be forgiven in believing that there are but a few basic types of steels used in the manufacture of some of the most technologically important engineering components, the rolling bearings. First the famous 1C–1.5Cr steel from which the majority of bearings are made. Its structure is apparently well–understood and the focus is on purity in order to avoid inclusions whi...