Five ruminally cannulated steers (initial BW = 375 ± 34 kg; ADG = 1.16 ± 0.13 kg) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design experiment to determine the effects of increasing urea level on intake, nutrient digestion, nitrogen balance and ruminal kinetics. Isocaloric (NEm = 2.11 Mcal/kg; NEg = 1.35 Mcal/kg) and isonitrogenous (2.24% N) steam-flaked corn-based diets with urea concentrations of 0.0,...

Five steam-flaked sorghum grain (SFSG) samples with bulk densities of 476, 412, 347, 309 and 283 g/liter made by adjusting tension between mill rollers and three reconstituted sorghum grain (RSG) samples with reconstitution times of 10, 20 and 30 d and a control sample were analyzed for gas production kinetics (rumen liquor fermentation) and enzymatic glucose release (amyloglucosidase). Protein...

Two trials that utilized 356 yearling steers were conducted to evaluate the effects of fat sources (3.5% of diet dry matter) in steam-flaked milo finishing diets. Fats differed in fatty acid composition and level of free fatty acids. In Trial 1, soybean oil, tallow and yellow grease were compared to a nonfat control. Feeding fat increased (P less than .05) daily gain, feed efficiency, estimated...

The effects of wet distillers grains with solubles (WDG) on in vitro rate of gas production, IVDMD, H(2)S production, and VFA were evaluated. Five substrate treatments that were balanced for ether extract content were arranged in a 2 x 2 + 1 factorial. Factors were concentration (15 or 30%; DM basis) and source of WDG (corn or sorghum WDG; CDG and SDG, respectively) plus a 0% WDG control in sub...

Two digestion trials were conducted with seven crossbred, abomasally cannulated yearling steers (400 kg) to study the effect of level of feed intake on the site and extent of feed and microbial protein digestion. Steers, in a crossover design experiment, were fed an 81.5% steam-processed flaked (SPF) sorghum grain diet at either 95% (four steers) or 75% (three steers) of their ad libitum intake...

Two experiments were conducted to examine the impact of source, urea (U) or Optigen II (OP), and level of dietary NPN on performance (Exp.1) and N balance (Exp. 2) of growing cattle. Sixty Angus crossbred steers (initial BW = 353 ± 13.9 kg) were used to evaluate performance, and fed 1 of 3 steam-flaked corn based diets: U (U(1.2), 1.2% NPN), OP (OP(1.3), 1.3% NPN), or OP without cottonseed meal...

Our objective was to evaluate effects of bunk management strategy and bulk density steam-flaked corn (SFC) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, incidence severity liver abscesses in finishing beef steers fed diets without tylosin phosphate. Beef (n = 192; initial BW 332 ± 8.1 kg) were used a randomized complete block design comprised 12 blocks pen replications per treatment. A 2 × fa...