This note projects forward into the distant future number of countries existing under regimes different levels economic liberalism by deriving a transition probability matrix from Economic Freedom World data. Naively extrapolating trends 1970-2020 suggests modest majority 165 will be economically free in long-run steady state, with results driven improvements variables associated freedom to tra...

The objective of this paper is to illustrate, analytically and quantitatively, the effect of high-order temporal correlations on steady-state and transition probability calculations in Finite State Machines (FSMs) analysis. As the main theoretical contribution, it is shown that, if the sequence feeding the target circuit has temporal correlations of order k, then a lag-k Markov chain model of t...

We consider transformations between attractor basins of binary cylindrical cellular automata resulting from mutations. A τ -point mutation of a state consists in toggling τ sites in that state. Results of such mutations are described by a ruledependent probability matrix. The structure of this matrix is studied in relation to the structure of the state transition diagram and several theorems re...

Steady-state enzyme kinetics is a cornerstone technique of biochemistry and related sciences since it allows the characterization quantification behaviour. Enzyme widely used to investigate physiological role enzymes, determine effects mutations characterize inhibitors. Well-known examples inhibitors treat diseases include anti-infectives (e.g., penicillin, clavulanic acid HIV protease inhibito...

The climate system is, apart from anthropogenic forcing and other external perturbations, in a thermodynamically nonequilibrium steady-state. A major difference between fluctuations in nonequilibrium and equilibrium steady-states is that noneqilibrium steady-states violate time reversal symmetry. One manifestation is the presence of persistent probability currents, which form closed loops. In t...

There has been an increasing demand for wireless data services due to the popularity of Internet services and circuit-switched (CS) systems are not appropriate for accommodating bursty data traffic. The wireless data services can be efficiently supported in the packet-switched (PS) system and General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a representative PS system which is being serviced widely. In GP...