Steady-state levels of HIV-1 viraemia in the plasma vary more than a 1,000-fold between HIV-positive patients and are thought to be influenced by several different host and viral factors such as host target cell availability, host anti-HIV immune response and the virulence of the virus. Previous mathematical models have taken the form of classical ecological food-chain models and are unable to ...

The conjunctival microcirculation of 18 homozygous sickle cell disease (SCD) patients during steady-state, painful crisis, and postcrisis conditions was recorded on high-resolution videotapes using intravital microscopy. Selected videotape sequences were subsequently coded, frame-captured, studied, and blindly analyzed using computer-assisted image analysis protocols. At steady-state (baseline)...

This study investigated inorganic carbon accumulation in relation to photosynthesis in the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum micans. Measurement of the internal inorganic carbon pool showed a 10-fold accumulation in relation to external dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Dextran-bound sulfonamide (DBS), which inhibited extracellular carbonic anhydrase, caused more than 95% inhibition of DIC acc...

This paper deals with a maintainability analysis of a system which consists of three subsystems. Two subsystems in the system are the same and constitute a warm standby redundant system. This warm stand by redundant system and the residual subsystem are connected in series. In this paper, two repair disciplines are considered. One is a priority repair discipline and the other is a non priority ...

how inflation taxation affects resource allocation and welfare has received a great deal of attention. so far, this debate has been controversial. in this paper we examine how nominal money growth as a means of public finance affects resource allocation and welfare in a neoclassical endogenous growth model with leisure and money in the utility function and production externality. the present st...

This paper presents a Closed Loop CLL-T (capacitor inductor inductor) Series Parallel Resonant Converter (SPRC) has been simulated and the performance is analysised. A three element CLL-T SPRC working under load independent operation (voltage type and current type load) is presented in this paper. The Steady state Stability Analysis of CLL-T SPRC has been developed using State Space technique a...

Software rejuvenation is a technique for software fault tolerance which involves occasionally stopping the executing software, \cleaning" the \internal state" and restarting. This cleanup is done at desirable times during execution on a preventive basis so that unplanned failures, which result in higher costs compared to planned stopping, are avoided. Since during rejuvenation, the software is ...

Availability of business-critical application servers is an issue of paramount importance that has received special attention from the industry and academia in the last decade. This paper presents two stochastic reward net based availability models for a single-server virtualized system. The similarity in both models is that software rejuvenation is applied at not only virtual machine monitor (...