Knowledge about biological shape has important implications in biology and biomedicine, but the underlying genetic mechanisms for shape variation have not been well studied. Statistical models play a pivotal role in mapping specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that contribute to biological shape and its developmental trajectories. We describe and assess a statistical framework for shape gene...

While many decisions rely on real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis few attempts have hitherto been made to quantify bounds of precision accounting for the various sources of variation involved in the measurement process. Besides influences of more obvious factors such as camera noise and pipetting variation, changing efficiencies within and between reactions affect PCR results to a degree ...

Functional dependencies between genes are a defining characteristic of gene networks underlying quantitative traits. However, recent studies show that the proportion of the genetic variation that can be attributed to statistical epistasis varies from almost zero to very high. It is thus of fundamental as well as instrumental importance to better understand whether different functional dependenc...

This brief paper gives an example of statistical stylistic experimentation and argues for more informed measures of variation and choice and more informed measures of readership analysis to be able to posit dimensions of textual variation usefully.

Statistical appearance models are generated by applying statistical analysis on the color and shape variation in an ensemble of image objects belonging to the same class. Statistical appearance models have proved useful for locating, reconstructing and interpreting image objects that undergo systematic appearance variation. In this paper we demonstrate how residual information can be incorporat...

Background: Measurement of gross , gross activities, and cosmogenic beryllium-7 (7Be) concentrations were made both daily and weekly during the years 2001- 2004 from samples of atmospheric aerosols filtered from the air at Tehran Nuclear Research Center (35 41' N) and Zahedan (28 29' N). Materials and Methods: Weekly aerosol samples were collected with the high-volume air samplers on cellul...

Setup of an emotion recognition or emotional speech recognition system is directly related to how emotion changes the speech features. In this research, the influence of emotion on the anger and happiness was evaluated and the results were compared with the neutral speech. So the pitch frequency and the first three formant frequencies were used. The experimental results showed that there are lo...

Statistical study In general 3 experiments were taken into account in order to calculate dispersion parameters as standard deviation and variation coefficient (RSD). The last column in Table S1 shows the percentage variation of the interfacial impedance modulus when recognition reaction was taking place. Indeed the interfacial impedance variation on a surface coated with BSA is in a linear rela...

Population genetic structure in a riverine cichlid fish was recharacterized 2 years after patterns had been first described. We found that genetic structure changed, as evidenced by changes in F(ST) between years among sites, significant F(ST) between years "within" sites, and a significant proportion of the genetic variation partitioned between years. Most striking, signatures of isolation by ...

Copy number variation (CNV) is a major genetic polymorphism contributing to genetic diversity and human evolution. Clinical application of CNVs for diagnostic purposes largely depends on sufficient population CNV data for accurate interpretation. CNVs from general population in currently available databases help classify CNVs of uncertain clinical significance, and benign CNVs. Earlier studies ...