We provide a distribution-free test that can be used to determine whether any two joint distributions p and q are statistically different by inspection of a large enough set of samples. Following recent efforts from Long et al. [1], we rely on joint kernel distribution embedding to extend the kernel two-sample test of Gretton et al. [2] to the case of joint probability distributions. Our main r...

Riassunto: In linguistica storica occorrono metodi per quantificare la similarità fra lingue basandosi sul confronto di particolari liste di parole estratte dal vocabolario completo. In particolare, si pone il problema di valutare se il numero di elementi simili nelle due liste sia sufficientemente alto per rifiutare l’ipotesi di somiglianza casuale. Dopo aver illustrato un approccio già esiste...

Here x is a numeric vector of data values and y is an optional numeric vector of data values. If y is excluded, the function performs a one-sample t-test on the data contained in x, if it is included it performs a two-sample t-tests using both x and y. The option mu provides a number indicating the true value of the mean (or difference in means if you are performing a two sample test) under the...

Meeting the tight performance specifications mandated by the customer is critical for contract manufactured ASICs. To address this, at speed test has been employed to detect subtle delay failures in manufacturing. However, the increasing process spread in advanced nanometer ASICs poses considerable challenges to predicting hardware performance from timing models. Performance verification in the...

A statistical test is incomprehensible when it is out of context, so it is necessary to identify the details of the phenomenon of causality in the clinical course of the disease and to integrate the statistical model. Thus, the statistical tests used will try to characterize baseline, maneuver and the outcome, and will show the relationship between them. When we read the results in clinical res...

As medicine leans increasingly on mathematics no clinician can afford to leave the statistical aspects of a paper to the "experts." If you are numerate, try the "Basic Statistics for Clinicians" series in the Canadian Medical Association Journal,1 2 3 4 or a more mainstream statistical textbook.5 If, on the other hand, you find statistics impossibly difficult, this article and the next in this ...

Although many parametric statistical tests are considered to be robust, as recently shown in Methodologist's Corner, it still pays to be circumspect about the assumptions underlying statistical tests. In this paper I show that robustness mainly refers to α, the type-I error. If the underlying distribution of data is ignored there can be a major penalty in terms of the β, the type-II error, repr...

Based on a previous study, a causal model of acquisition of pilot job knowledge and flying skills was tested on separate samples of male and female students. Causal model parameters were estimated separately for each sample and, due to the small sample size for women, no between-groups statistical tests were conducted. The results are viewed as tentative because of the small sample of female st...