For this example, a human annotator's attachment decision, which for our purposes is the "correct" attachment, is to the noun phrase. We present in this paper methods for constructing statistical models for computing the probability of attachment decisions. These models could be then integrated into scoring the probability of an overall parse. We present our methods in the context of prepositio...

Relationships between information theory and statistical physics have been recognized over the last few decades. One such aspect is identifying structures of optimization problems pertaining to certain information-theoretic settings and drawing analogy to parallel structures arising in statistical physics, and then borrowing statistical mechanical insights, as well as powerful analysis techniqu...

There have been many attempts to understand the statistical origin of black-hole entropy. Among them, entanglement entropy and the brick wall model are strong candidates. In this paper we show a relation between entanglement entropy and the brick wall model: the brick wall model seeks the maximal value of the entanglement entropy. In other words, the entanglement approach reduces to the brick w...

The Hawking Beckenstein entropy of near extremal fivebranes is calculated in terms of a gas of strings living on the fivebrane. These fivebranes can also be viewed as near extremal black holes in five dimensions. 1 e-mail: [email protected] Recently the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of certain extremal BPS black holes was precisely calculated by counting microstates in string theory [1-4]...

We show here how to use pieces of thermodynamics’ first law to generate probability distributions for generalized ensembles when only level-population changes are involved. Such microstate occupation modifications, if properly constrained via first law ingredients, can be associated not exclusively to heat and acquire a more general meaning. PACS: 2.50.-r, 3.67.-a, 05.30.-d

We discuss the connection between different entropies introduced for black hole. It is demonstrated on the two-dimensional example that the (quantum) thermodynamical entropy of a hole coincides (including UV-finite terms) with its statisticalmechanical entropy calculated according to ’t Hooft and regularized by Pauli-Villars. PACS number(s): 04.60.+n, 12.25.+e, 97.60.Lf, 11.10.Gh ∗ e-mail: serg...