Development of reliable regional or global carbon budgets requires accurate measurement of soil CO2 flux. We conducted laboratory and field studies to determine the accuracy and comparability of methods commonly used to measure in situ soil CO2 fluxes. Methods compared included two static techniques, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and soda lime as CO2 traps; a multichamber open dynamic system (OC) wit...

Hypericum Perforatum L., commonly known as St. John’s wort, is one of the best-known medicinal herbs. wort infused oils are mostly used externally, but can be taken orally for stomach ulcers, a food supplement. Therefore, it important to develop methods that allow rapid and reliable determination β-caryophyllene, which main active components wort. In this work, two gas chromatographic technique...

Essential oils (EOs) offer interesting biological properties that can be altered by their high volatility and low solubility. This study examined, for the first time, effect of combination different choline chloride (ChCl) based-deep eutectic solvents (DESs), water cyclodextrins (CDs) on retention solubilization Eucalyptus citriodora EO its major component, citronellal. The density, viscosity p...

In this paper, a chromatographic method for the determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as tool Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains identification was described. Direct Headspace gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (Headspace-GC-MS) has been used qualitative VOCs emitted by certain (Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Serratia rubidae, Staphyloccocus...

The synthesis of pharmaceutical products often involves the use of reactive reagents for the formation of intermediates and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Low-levels of reagents or byproducts may therefore be present in the final API as impurities. Such chemically reactive impurities may have unwanted toxicities such as genotoxicity and carcinogenicity, which have the potential impact ...

Petroleum products and essential oils are produced used in large amounts categorized as Substances of Unknown or Variable composition, Complex reaction Biological materials (UVCBs). These UVCBs notorious difficult-to-test substances, since they complex mixtures hydrophobic volatile compounds. This study introduces two passive dosing (PD) approaches for whole UVCB toxicity testing: (1) headspace...

Volatile compounds in honey samples of different botanical origins were investigated. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed a total of 86 compounds in the headspace of 4 types of honey – multifloral, heather, buckwheat and lime-honeydew. The chemical composition of the headspace was very diverse, owing to the presence of compounds from diff...