the joints between segmental rings can withstand a certain amount of bending moment as well as axial and shear forces. generally, in the structural analysis of tunnel segmental lining, the joints can be modeled as elastic hinges or rotational springs, and their rigidity should be demonstrated in terms of the rigidity of the joints or their rotational stiffness. therefore, the bending moment act...

This paper is about discrete sensitivity analysis. A triangular bending element with constant moment and six degrees of freedom is used. The required derivatives for sensitivity analysis are calculated explicitly. These formulations, finite element method and sequential linear programming are utilized to find shape optimization of plate bending structures. The numerical examples, which show the...

Concrete-timber composite floor is a construction technique combining two materials, concrete and timber, connected together using some form of interlayer shear connectors either positioned discretely or continuously along the span of the floor. The interlayer connections provide the desired composite action, where the degree of this composite action is governed by the types of connection syste...

In the first part (Lebée and Sab, 2010a) of this two-part paper we have presented a new plate theory for out-of-plane loaded thick plates where the static unknowns are those of the Kirchhoff-Love theory (3 inplane stresses and 3 bending moments), to which six components are added representing the gradient of the bending moment. The new theory, called Bending-Gradient plate theory is an extensio...

The nonlinear static bending analysis of microplates resting on imperfect Pasternak elastic foundations is carried out in this paper. finite element method based the modified couple stress theory used to derive formulations. present and mathematical model are validated by comparisons work’s results with those other reputable publications, which show a very good agreement. influences length-scal...

This research presents a new beam finite element capable of predicting static and dynamic behavior structures with bending-torsion coupling. The model here derived establishes relation between the bending torsional nodal degree freedom two node element. equilibrium equations are neglecting non-linear terms while stiffness mass matrices Galerkin’s method. shape functions obtained considering Tim...

A new quasi-three-dimensional (3D) shear deformation theory, called the spectral displacement formulation (SDF), is proposed for high-precision static bending analyses of functionally graded plates. The main idea to expand unknown fields into Chebyshev series a unique form in thickness direction; truncation numbers are set be adjustable meet various application requirements. Specifically, 3D el...

the objective of this review to be submitted in two independent parts, for steel frames and for rc frames, is to compare their structural performance with respect to the proposed n2-method, and so also of the consequent convenience of using pushover methodology for the seismic analysis of these structures. a preliminary investigation is presented on a pushover analysis used for the seismic perf...