A 56-days experiment was carried out to study the effect of replacing macaroni waste meal (MWM) with maize on nutrient digestibility and blood chemistry indigenous turkey starter. Ninety-six poults an average weight 52 g were randomly assigned four dietary treatments containing at 0%, 15%, 30% 45% level as replacement for maize. Each treatment consist 24 replicated thrice 8 turkeys per replicat...

Gel retardation, also named electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), is a useful tool for identifying protein-DNA interactions. Typically, 32P-labeled DNA probes used in EMSA are sensitive. However, it relies on the handling of hazardous radioisotopes, and is not easily quantified. Recently, some successful cases have been reported using non-radio labelled probes instead of radiolabelled pr...

I T is sometimes implied that pigs weaned at 14 to 21 days of age must be fed very acceptable and highly nutritious pig starters to prevent stunting or a "check" (Smith and Lucas, 1956) following early weaning, and to assure maximum and most efficient gains during the growing period subsequent to 56 to 63 days of age. Hanson, Rut]edge and Ferrin (1954) and Hanson et al. (1955) reported that pig...

To evaluate the effect of adding calcium salt of soybean oil on the performance and growth of suckling calves, 18 Holstein calves, after the birth with weight average 3.94 ± 42.43 kg were randomized into three groups. The experimental allotments including: 1) the starter without calcium salt of soybean oil (control), 2) starter with 0.3% calcium salt of soybean oil and 3) starter containing 0.5...

Lactic acid bacteria are widely used throughout the world, empirically or deliberately, in the manufacturing of several food and feed stuffs, including milk products (such as cheese, butter, yoghurt, buttermilk, etc.), fermented vegetables (pickles, olives and sauerkraut), sausages, sourdough bread and silage, due to their ability to convert sugars into lactic acid. Of these, dairy products are...

Cheese ripening causes intense proteolysis, particularly when the cheese contains starter cultures. Several studies have shown presence of bioactive peptides in goat’s milk cheeses with antioxidant activity. Mexican goat cheeses’ peptide fractions were evaluated at different stages. Additionally, they correlated their Proteolysis was measured acid-soluble nitrogen and non-protein using reverse-...

Study of soft sets was first proposed by Molodtsov in 1999 to deal with uncertainty in a non-parametric manner. The researchers did not pay attention to soft set theory at that time but now the soft set theory has been developed in many areas of mathematics. Algebraic structures using soft set theory are very rapidly developed. In this book we developed soft neutrosophic algebraic structures by...

Entrepreneurs who start new firms may choose not-for-profit status as a means of committing to soft incentives. Such incentives protect donors, volunteers, consumers and employees from ex post expropriation of profits by the entrepreneur. We derive conditions under which completely self-interested entrepreneurs opt for not-for-profit status, despite the fact that this status limits their abilit...