The knowledge of evapotranspiration is of great interest in many applications such as assessing irrigation water use. In this paper, a methodology is presented to estimate evapotranspiration using the surface energy balance model S-SEBI (Simplified Surface Energy Balance Index) and the evaporative fraction. The method is applicable under the assumptions of constant atmospheric conditions and su...

BIOME-BGC is a general ecosystem model designed to simulate hydrologic and biogeochemical processes across multiple scales. The objectives of this investigation were to compare BIOME-BGC estimates of hydrologic processes with observed data for different boreal forest stands and investigate factors that control simulated water fluxes. Model results explained 62 and 98% of the respective variance...

Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is a key agrometeorological index for rational irrigation management. The standard method ETo estimation, proposed by the FAO, based on complicated Penman–Monteith equation and requires many meteorological inputs, making it difficult practical use farmers. At present, there are alternative simplified approaches estimation; most of them directed at cutting numb...

We compared four existing process-based stand-level models of varying complexity (physiological principles in predicting growth, photosynthesis and evapotranspiration, biogeochemical cycles, and stand to ecosystem carbon and evapotranspiration simulator) and a new nested model with 4 years of eddy-covariance-measured water vapor (LE) and CO2 (Fc) fluxes at a maturing loblolly pine forest. The n...

The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of drought such as intensity, cumulative curves and trends, based on SPEI (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index) at 8 stations in Korea from 1981 to 2010. The traditional SPEI is based on Thornthwaite equation for estimating evapotranspiration; SPEI_th. However, a standard of agricultural water management in Korea suggests F...

the fao penman - monteith (f-p-m) method is now broadly accepted as the standard for estimating the reference evapotranspiration (et0). the method is also now used for evaluating the temperature-based [blaney-criddle (b-c) and hargreaves-samani (h-s)] and radiation-based [jensen-haise (j-h) and turc (tc)] methods. the objective was to compare the et0 estimated by the b-c, h-s, j-h, tc methods w...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is the movement and transfer (i.e., flux) of water as a liquid at the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere as a gas. ET is a combination of open water evaporation and plant transpiration ( , which is the Sublimation transition of solid water (i.e., ice, snow) to vapor due to low atmospheric pressure (i.e., high altitude), dry air and high sunlight, is generally considered s...

Parameterization of physically based and distributed hydrological models for mesoscale catchments remains challenging because the commonly available data base is insufficient for calibration. In this paper, we parameterize a mesoscale catchment for the distributed model HydroGeoSphere by transferring evapotranspiration parameters calibrated at a highly-equipped headwater catchment in addition t...

Representation of the hydrological interaction between the land surface and the atmosphere requires considerable improvement, particularly for predicting evapotranspiration feedbacks for use in models of the general circulation (GCMs) of the atmosphere. The predictive model developed here attempts to use a water balance approach that extracts information from the masses of catchment-scale time ...

A study was carried out in central Italy into the evapotranspiration from linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). In particular, the objectives were to (a) evaluate the accuracy of daily evapotranspiration estimates from partially incomplete Bowen ratio data; (b) measure seasonal evapotranspiration from linseed; (c) test the FAO 56 method for estimating crop coefficients for linseed and (d) calculate...