Abstract Modeling evidence suggests that the Inter-decadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) can remotely affect tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) variability. However, root causes of IPO-tropical inter-basin teleconnections are not fully understood. Using idealized pacemaker experiments wherein observed IPO-SST anomalies specified, we show a warm-phase anomaly drives basin-wide SST warmi...

Abstract Recently, the synchrosqueezing transform (SST) was developed as an alternative to the empirical mode decomposition scheme to separate a non-stationary signal with time-varying amplitudes and instantaneous frequencies (IFs) into a superposition of frequency components that each have well-defined IFs. The continuous wavelet transform (CWT)-based SST sharpens the time-frequency representa...

Sea surface temperature (SST) data are often provided as gridded products, typically at resolutions of order 0.05◦ from satellite observations to reduce data volume at the request of data users and facilitate comparison against other products or models. Sampling uncertainty is introduced in gridded products where the full surface area of the ocean within a grid cell cannot be fully observed bec...

Two numerical simulations were performed to study the ability of a high-resolution mesoscale model to predict the track and structure of Hurricane Isabel over North Carolina. One simulation (Control) used standard NCEP climatologically-based sea surface temperature (SST) data for the lower boundary condition while another simulation (Experimental) prescribed real-time high-resolution SST data f...

The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Coral Reef Watch (CRW) program has developed a daily global 5-km product suite based on satellite observations to monitor thermal stress on coral reefs. These products fulfill requests from coral reef managers and researchers for higher resolution products by taking advantage of new satellites, sensors and algorithms. Improvements ...

Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) is formed by deep convection in winter on the equatorward side of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Observations south of Australia show that the SAMW temperature (T) and salinity (S) vary significantly from year to year. The magnitude and density-compensating nature of the temperature and salinity changes cannot be explained by variations in air–sea exchange of ...

Monthly climatologies of satellite-derived sea-surface temperature (SST, from AVHRR) and ocean color (from Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner and Sea-viewing Wide-Field-of-view Sensor) around the Gal! apagos Archipelago are used to estimate the mean seasonal cycle of these properties and their relationship to the equatorial circulation in this oceanographically complex region. Harmonic analysi...

A method is developed to quantify systematic errors in two types of sea surface temperature (SST) observations: bucket and engine-intake measurements. A simple linear model is proposed where the SST measured using a bucket is cooled or warmed by a fraction of the air–sea temperature difference and the SST measured using an engine intake has a constant bias. The model is applied to collocated ni...

Precipitation change in response to global warming has profound impacts on environment for life but is highly uncertain. Effects of sea surface temperature (SST) warming on the response of rainfall and atmospheric overturning circulation are investigated using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project simulations. The SST warming is decomposed into a spatially uniform SST increase (SUSI) and deviat...