Chronic sphenoid rhinosinusitis is a spectrum of inflammatory diseases in isolated sphenoid sinus which may persist over a period of 12 weeks. It is a different entity from other types of rhinosinusitis because clinical presentations include headache, visual loss or diplopia, and patients may or may not have nasal obstruction or nasal discharge. Nasal endoscopic examination is useful, and compu...

Aspergillus fungus can be found worldwide and is the most common fungal infection of the paranasal sinuses. Despite this ubiquity, aspergillosis of the sphenoid sinus as an isolated disease in an otherwise healthy person is quite rare. We report two cases in this article: one was a 53-year-old woman who suffered from bloody postnasal drip for 2 weeks and the other a 61-year-old woman suffered f...

Disorders of the paranasal sinuses, particularly the sphenoid sinus, can be associated with significant disorders of the optic and other cranial nerves. We examined 100 consecutive routine CT scans, 100 posterior fossa CT scans, and 100 MR scans to look for evidence of sinus disease, especially of the sphenoid sinus. The sphenoid sinus was abnormal in 7% of scans by all methods. Other sinuses w...

BACKGROUND This study examined the relationship between the superior turbinate and natural ostium of the sphenoid sinus, as seen during the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETSA) for sellar lesions and described how to enter the sphenoethmoid cell safely for complete exposure of the sellar floor, including adjacent vital structures such as the prominence of the optic nerve and ca...

Defects in the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus are a rare cause of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. The etiology of these defects may be congenital or acquired. A dehiscent lateral craniopharyngeal canal, or Sternberg canal, arises from a malunion of two parts of the developing sphenoid bone: the greater wing and the basisphenoid.1,2 Originally reported in 4% of healthy adults,3 its tru...

AIM Pituitary apoplexy is an infrequent but potentially devastating complication in patients with pituitary adenomas. Previous studies have cited an association between MR visualized sphenoid sinus mucosal thickening and apoplexy. However, uncertainties still remain on the significance and temporal association of this finding with pituitary apoplexy. We provide a clinical study that better deli...

The head consists of the skull, face, scalp, teeth, brain, cranial nerves, meninges, special sense organs, and other structures such as blood vessels, lymphatics, and fat. It is also the site where food is ingested and air is inspired and expired (Fig. 101; Fig. 102). Diseases of important structures in the head form the bases of many medical, dental, and surgical specialties dentistry, maxillo...

Virtual endoscopy (vE) allows simulated three-dimensional (3-D) visualisation of anatomical structures by computerised reconstruction of radiological images. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of vE and its potential benefits for endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. vE was realised using a commercially available ray-casting software plugin of a picture archiving and ...

Introduction: A spontaneous pseudomeningocele (PMC) (e.g.without previous surgery or injury) is a rare pathology that may be mimicked as an unilateral polypoid mass in endoscopy or as a mucocele on CT /MRI, which only very exceptionaly doesn’t present with rhinoliquorhea. PMC develops when cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) becomes trapped behind the paranasal sinus mucosa or extracranial soft tissues, ...

Mucormycosis is a very commonly encountered disease in the sinonasal region patients with diabetes and immunocompromised status specially northern part of Indian continent. Due to its fulminant nature involvement rhino-orbital-cerebral region, prognosis poor even after extensive debridement amphotericin-B therapy. We present case diagnosis sarcoidosis being treated systemic steroids who develop...