Background  The mammary gland in humans is a dynamic organ that undergoes significant developmental changes during pregnancy, lactation, and involution. Stem cells derived from human breast milk possess the adult stem cell-like characteristics such as self-renewal, proliferative and differentiate potential. This source of stem cells avoids invasive procedures and the ethical controversy of emb...

objective: pulp and periodontal tissues are well-known sources of mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) that provide a promising place in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. the molecular mechanisms underlying commitment and differentiation of dental stem cells that originate from different dental tissues are not fully understood. in this study, we have compared the expression levels of pluri...

Stem cell-based therapy has great potential in treating health conditions including cardiovascular, autoimmune, type I diabetes, neurodegenerative and bone and cartilage diseases also in spinal cord injuries, malformations and cancer. In addition to their potential use to treat systemic diseases, stem cell-based therapy also provides a powerful tool to treat oral and dental diseases such as cra...

dental pulp stem cells (dpscs) can be found within the cell rich zone of dental pulp. these stem cells, under specific stimuli, differentiate into many cell types which have wide therapeutic applications.   the dental stem cells are derived from both deciduous and permanent teeth. the viable dental stem cells are very simple to collect, without any mortality and morbidity. dental pulp stem cell...

mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) have the ability to differentiate into neuronal like cells under appropriate culture condition. in this study, we investigated whether mscs derived from human peripheral blood (pb-mscs) can differentiate into neuronal like cells by synergic effect of the growth factors egf, bfgf and noggin. for this purpose, the expression of five neuronal markers (nestin, β iii tu...

pediatric neurological disorders including muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injury are defined as a heterogenous group of diseases, of which some are known to be genetic. the two significant features represented for stem cells, leading to distinguish them from other cell types are addressed as below: they can renew themselves besides the ability to differentiate into cells wi...

endodontic intervention in necrotic immature permanent teeth is usually a clinical challenge. with appropriate case selection, regenerative treatment can be effective, providing a desirable outcome. however, there is still no consensus on the optimal disinfection protocol or the method to achieve predictable clinical outcome. this article presents two cases of regenerative treatment in necrotic...

cartilage is an avascular, aneural, and alymphatic connective tissue with a limited capacity caused by low mitotic activity of its resident cells, chondrocytes. natural repair of full thickness cartilage defects usually leads to the formation of fibrocartilage with lower function and mechanical force compared with the original hyaline cartilage and further deterioration can occur. tissue engine...

introduction cholinergic system is one of the important systems of mammalian cns. cholinergic neurons distributed in brain and spinal cord and contributed to principal functions like: consciousness, learning and memory, and motor control. in this study we investigated the differentiation potentiality of mouse embryonic stem cells toward cholinergic neurons. the aim of this study was to evaluate...

background: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmmscs) transplantation has been considered as a promising milestone in liver fibrosis treatment. however, low amounts of homing are a major obstacle. we aimed to investigate the role of melatonin pretreatment in bmmsc homing into experimental liver fibrosis. methods: bmmscs were obtained, grown, propagated and preconditioned with 5 µm mel...