background and aim: spatial hearing is one of the most important functions of binaural hearing processing that is based on detection of fine interaural time and interaural intensity difference. spatial hearing is beyond auditory localization and lateralization. it helps auditory scene analysis and target stream segregation from other simultaneous sound sources. this function is important in spe...

Children with speech sound disorder (SSD) have incomplete phonological acquisition without organic alteration. These children’s exhibits multiple phoneme omission, substitution, and distortion errors. Auditory processing disorders (APD) are associated disorders. Since APD prevents the development of a stable representation phonemes in brain, it may cause issues make semantics, syntax, phonology...

The impact of non-nutritive sucking (NNS) habits on dentofacial structures and occlusion is well proven. It has been hypothesised that NNS also effect speech due to its dentition oral musculature. However, the results existing studies are inconsistent, therefore this scoping review was undertaken systemically evaluate literature identify any research gaps. database search resulted in 869 which ...