for every rational function ƒ with poles off K. In this note it is shown that any operator for which the spectrum is a spectral set has a nontrivial invariant subspace. In [6] von Neumann introduced the notion of spectral set and showed that if T has II T\\ = 1 then the closed unit disc, D"~, is a spectral set for T. For this reason any operator whose spectrum is a spectral set is called a von ...

This article proposes an illuminant estimation algorithm that estimates the spectral power distribution of an incident light source from a single image. The proposed illumination recovery procedure has two phases. First, the surface spectral reflectances are recovered. In this case, the surface spectral reflectances recovered are limited to the maximum achromatic region (MAR) which is the most ...

The concept of canopy spectral invariants states that simple algebraic combinations of leaf and canopy spectral transmittance and reflectance become wavelength independent and determine a small set of canopy structure specific variables. This set of structural variables specify the spectral response of a vegetation canopy to the incident solar radiation and allow for a simple and accurate param...

A spectral set is a subset 0 of R with Lebesgue measure 0<+(0)< such that there exists a set 4 of exponential functions which form an orthogonal basis of L(0). The spectral set conjecture of B. Fuglede states that a set 0 is a spectral set if and only if 0 tiles R by translation. We study sets 0 which tile R using a rational periodic tile set S=Z+A, where A (1 N1)Z_ } } } _(1 Nn)Z is finite. We...

Section 1 provides details on the photometric data set used to illustrate the spectral series density ratio estimator. Section 2 provides additional details on the galaxy data set used to illustrate the spectral series likelihood estimator. This section also includes additional graphics with the estimated likelihood functions, omitted from the main document for the sake of space. In Section 3 w...

It is a basic fact that, given a computer language and a computable integer function, there exists a shortest program in that language which computes the desired function. Once a programmer establishes the correctness of a program, she then need only verify that the program is the shortest possible in order to declare complete victory. Unfortunately, she can’t. A creature that could identify mi...

homogeneity and uniformity of soil particles is a most potent factor which affects soil spectral signatures. geometric standard deviation of soil particles (?g) exhibits the homogeneity of soil components. this study presents the influence of ?g on spectral studying of soil geometric mean particle diameter as well as lime. the study was conducted in pol-e-dokhtar using the data set of lissiii-p...

In this paper, chaotic dynamic and nonlinear control in a glucose-insulin system in types I diabetic patients and a healthy person have been investigated. Chaotic analysis methods of the blood glucose system include Lyapunov exponent and power spectral density based on the time series derived from the clinical data. Wolf's algorithm is used to calculate the Lyapunov exponent, which positive val...

Abstract   The present paper is devoted to implementation of the immersed boundary technique into the Fourier pseudo-spectral solution of the vorticity-velocity formulation of the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The immersed boundary conditions are implemented via direct modification of the convection and diffusion terms, and therefore, in contrast to some other similar ...