Myricaria laxiflora is distributed along the riverbanks of the Yangtze River valley. The Three Gorges Dam has dramatically changed the habitat of M. laxiflora, which has evolved to develop increased resistance to flooding stress. In order to elucidate the relationship between plant endophytic fungi and flooding stress, we isolated and taxonomically characterized the endophytic fungi of M. laxif...

Mannheimia succiniciproducens MBEL55E isolated from bovine rumen is able to produce a large amount of succinic acid in a medium containing glucose, peptone, and yeast extract. In order to reduce the cost of the medium, whey and corn steep liquor (CSL) were used as substrates for the production of succinic acid by M. succiniciproducens MBEL55E. Anaerobic batch cultures of M. succiniciproducens M...

This Chapter focuses on the investigation of an easy and efficacious method of obtaining a hydrogen-producing bacteria (HPB) culture to the detriment of hydrogen-consuming bacteria (HCB), such as methanogens and homoacetogenic bacteria. Although the use of mixed microflora is more viable from both the practical and biological points of view, important limitations arise from the co-activity of H...

The establishment of a fungal population composed of the main species usually found in ruminants in the rumen of gnotobiotic lambs did not significantly alter the in sacco digestibility of meat meal and soybean cake. The proteolytic activity of the rumen fluid against 14C-casein was not affected by the fungi. Therefore, these microorganisms probably do not play an important role in the degradat...

background: in this study, the inhibition rate of different oil concentrations containing pcbs (1242 and 1254 pcb arochlors) on the anaerobic biomass was investigated by specific methanogenic activity using the vials with volume of 120 ml. methods: original samples were divided into two groups: with soil containing pcbs and without pcbs and the control samples in both cases were just contained ...

Urease is an enzyme of wide distribution as evidenced by the fact that some 200 species of bacteria, as well as higher plants and animals have been found to possess it (Sumner and Somers, 1953). Pasteur and Miguel were reported to have isolated "urobacilli" from air, soil, and sewage (Cooke and Keith, 1927). Subsequently, the enzyme was found in many soil and intestinal bacteria (Gibson, 1934; ...

Rice straw (Rs) was treated by a sodium chlorite/acetic acid mixture (Sct), ammoniation (At) and alkaline hydrogen peroxide (Athp) methods. The objective was to compare their degradation and fermentation products in the presence or suppression of anaerobic fungi. Significant differences (P < 0.01) in degradation of straws were observed during all periods of incubation with Sct having the highes...