Limb deformity can occur in the pediatric and adolescent populations from multiple etiologies: congenital, traumatic, posttraumatic sequelae, oncologic, and infection. Correcting these deformities is important for many reasons. Ilizarov popularized external fixation to accomplish this task. Taylor expanded on this by designing an external fixator in 1994 with 6 telescoping struts that can be se...

Introduction Formulation of spatial RF pulse design in a gradient-dependent rotating frame is introduced. This work was motivated by the need for a fast RF design algorithm for use in a high-field parallel transmit system where dielectric effect creates transmit field distribution with significant patientdependent variability. The new reference frame, called a “local rotating frame”, transforms...

Within qualitative spatial reasoning, spatial objects having directions have been abstracted in different ways; directed line segments, oriented points etc. have been used. In certain applications, it becomes necessary to reason about directions of objects without focusing on the dimensionality of these objects. We present a framework for representation of and reasoning about directions in a qu...

BACKGROUND Optimal leg alignment is the goal of tibial osteotomy. The Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) and the Ilizarov method enable gradual realignment of angulation and translation in the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes, therefore, the term six-axis correction. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We asked whether this approach would allow precise correction of tibial deformities. METHODS We retrospectively...

This paper presents an ontology of lexicalized spatial concepts designed for text processing. The ontology draws on existing linguistic resources and is experimentally shown to improve the automatic extraction of ACE spatial relations, PropBank locative arguments and FrameNet spatial frame elements. We will use the ontology for corpus annotation and automatic inference in the spatial semantic d...

Visuospatial attention is strongly biased to locations that frequently contained a search target before. However, the function of this bias depends on the reference frame in which attended locations are coded. Previous research has shown a striking difference between tasks administered on a computer monitor and in a large environment, with the former inducing viewer-centered learning and the la...

A central question about spatial attention is whether it is referenced relative to the external environment or to the viewer. This question has received great interest in recent psychological and neuroscience research, with many but not all, finding evidence for a viewer-centered representation. However, these previous findings were confined to computer-based tasks that involved stationary view...

The nature of reference frames involved in haptic spatial processing was addressed by means of a haptic mental rotation task. Participants assessed the parity of two objects located in various spatial locations by exploring them with different hand orientations. The resulting response times were fitted with a triangle wave function. Phase shifts were found to depend on the relation between the ...

People often use spatial language to talk about time, and this is known to both reflect and shape how they think about it. Despite much research on the spatial grounding of temporal language and thought, little attention has been given to how spatial metaphors influence reasoning about real events, especially those in the future. In a large online study (N=2362), we framed a discussion of clima...

The hippocampus receives its major cortical input from the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) and the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC). It is commonly believed that the MEC provides spatial input to the hippocampus, whereas the LEC provides non-spatial input. We review new data which suggest that this simple dichotomy between 'where' versus 'what' needs revision. We propose a refinement of this mode...